in a number of minute cylinders and pits which are placed on the antennæ and on the palpi. The evidence obtained from experiments is somewhat conflicting as between the antennæ and the palpi; but, if the sense of smell is supposed to reside partly in each of these appendages, the results of the various observations are brought into accord. In connection with this subject the following observation, which I made on the 4th September, 1882, on a specimen of one of our common butterflies (Vanessa gonerilla), may be of some interest: At 9 a.m. I placed some moistened sugar in a small china colour-pan about¼ in. square. The butterfly was rather torpid owing to the low temperature, and I therefore removed it from the cage and placed it on the edge of the vessel containing the sugar. Almost at once it began to uncoil its proboscis, and whilst doing so it steadily elevated and depressed its antennæ, the tips of which frequently touched the sides of the vessel. Sometimes each antenna was elevated and depressed singly; at other times both organs were moved together. These remarkable movements of the antennæ were, I think, merely indicative of the insect's pleasure, and this explanation is supported by the observations of Sir John Lubbock respecting the movements of the antennæ in ants. When the butterfly bad completely uncoiled its proboscis it felt all round the vessel with the sensitive extremity of that organ, which certainly appeared to be endowed with the sense of smell. Soon it found the liquid sugar, which it eagerly sucked for about three minutes; and during the whole of this time the butterfly continued to move the antennæ in the manner above described. As soon as the insect ceased feeding, however, the antennæ were restored to their normal position—i.e., almost perpendicular to the main axis of the insect's body. After this I made several very sharp noises—whistling, and ringing on a tumbler—but the butterfly did not appear to hear them, and the antennæ were held perfectly motionless throughout. This experiment appears to indicate, I think, that in butterflies the sense of smell is situated in or near the extremity of the proboscis, and that the sense of hearing is absent or but little developed. I have often tried to frighten butterflies in the field by shouting at them, but have never succeeded in making one of these insects rise from its perch in this way, although the slightest movement on the part of the observer would at once have caused the insect to take flight. The following are some of the experiments related by Lord Avebury in connection with testing the organs of smelling in insects. He says, “I myself took a large ant (Formica ligniperda) and tethered her on a board by a thread. When she was quite quiet I tried her with tuning-