In addition to the above, the following species are recorded by Haast as occurring at the Lower Waipara Gorge (“Geology of Canterbury and Westland,” p. 321):— Cytheria enysi Hutt. Venericardia intermedia Hutt. Modiola albicosta Lam. Modiola sp. Lima crassa Hutt. A careful comparison of this list with the list of present species of Mollusca found fossil given by Suter (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 42, 1910, p. 8) shows that more than 30 per cent. of the species given above are now living in New Zealand seas. Although the list of Waipara fossils will no doubt be greatly amplified by more careful search, the relative proportion of species to those existing now is not likely to be much altered. Judging from this percentage, the beds should be classified as Upper Miocene or Lower Pliocene. A further comparison with the list of fossils found at the typical Pareora locality, in South Canterbury, shows that of sixty-four named species given in the Waipara list thirty-two are to be found in the lists of species collected at Pareora given in Haast's “Geology of Canterbury and Westland,” in Park's paper “On the Marine Tertiaries of Otago and Canterbury” (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 37, 1905, p. 530), and among the fossils exhibited in the Canterbury Museum. This is at first sight a somewhat small proportion, but the forms common to both include a very large number of characteristic species, and it is possible that further collection may bring about further accordance. In any case, the number of characteristic genera common to both localities renders it a matter of certainty that the beds in the Lower Waipara are contemporaneous with those in the typical locality at Pareora. A further comparison with the list of the fossils collected by Park on the Mount Donald escarpment (loc. cit., p. 540), and with the lists of Mount Brown fossils given by Haast (“Geology of Canterbury and Westland,” pp. 306–11), and also by Hutton in his paper on the “Railway-cuttings in the Weka Pass” (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 20, 1888, pp. 261–62), shows a certain amount of agreement of the Lower Waipara fossils with those collected in the typical Mount Brown localities. There are, however, some differences, notably the absence of Brachiopods from the Lower Waipara, in marked contrast to their extraordinary numbers at Mount Brown. This may be due either to the fact that the proper horizons for these fossils have not been discovered in the Waipara, or that the conditions for their existence or for their entombment were not favourable in that locality when the beds were laid down. The accordance of the fossil content is, however, sufficiently close to assign both sets of beds to the same age; especially when the associated fossil species from other localities of the same age are taken into consideration. The stratigraphical relations also strongly support this conclusion. Since by far the greater number of the fossils enumerated in the list can be collected on one horizon in the gorge—i.e., just above the Grey Marls—it is reasonable to consider that the lowest beds intersected by the river are of the same age as the Mount Brown beds, while the upper members are probably of the same age as the Motunau or Greta beds, and the conformity of the sequence in the gorge supports the opinion of Hutton that the Mount Brown beds are the base of the Pareora system, and the absence of any unconformity in the gorge also supports his contention