Page image

The breccia dips S. 60° W. at an angle of 8°, but the upper beds gradually flatten and the blue clay becomes almost horizontal. The limestone is rather fine in texture, and contains cleavage fragments of minerals similar to those in the underlying breccia, but the junction appears quite conformable. In its upper portion the limestone becomes glauconitic, and gradually assumes the character of bed c. The fossils obtained from the base of the limestone were: Aetheia gaulteri (Morris), Hemithyris cf. H. squamosa (Hutt.), Terebratulina suessi (Hutt.), Epitonium rugulosum lyratum (Zittel). Sharks' teeth occur in abundance at the base. The concretionary greensand (c) marks the change of conditions on the sea-bottom which brought about the deposition of the more glauconitic boas above. It is essentially a mixture of limestone and greensand, and where it forms the present sea-beach the waves have removed the looser sands and the surface is irregular and nodular. Minerals that occur in the breccia are still present here, though sparingly. Fossils are abundant, but, unfortunately, mainly as casts, and this has rendered specific identification difficult The following were obtained here: *Turbo sp, *Struthiolaria sp., *Polinices ovatus (Hutt.)?, *Cypraea ovulatella Tate?, Epitonium rugulosum lyratum (Zittel), *Siphonalia sp nov., *Lapparia corrugata (Hutt.)?, *Euthria media (Hutt.), Pecten polymorphoides Zittel, Lima lima (L.), Aetheia gaulteri (Morris), *Hemithyris cf. H. squamosa (Hutt), Terebratulina suessi (Hutt), Terebratula oamarutica Boehm, *Terebratula sp. nov. Beds d and e are glauconitic greensands 10 ft. thick, but they have been separated, as the upper band (e) is very much indurated, and does not contain the same variety of fossils as bed d. I obtained the following fossils from the lower greensand: Epitonium browni (Zittel), Aetheia gaulteri (Morris), *Hemithyris cf. H. squamosa (Hutt.), Terebratula sp. Two forms which are very abundant both in the concretionary greensand and in the lower portion of the greensand (d) are Mopsea hamiltoni (Thomson) and Isis dactyla Ten.-Woods The hardened band (e) contains Pachymagas parki (Hutt.). The blue clay (f) is not very fossiliferous in its lower portions, but higher in the section a number of fossils were obtained which would seem to correlate the bed with the Awamoa horizon. Although the change from the greensands below is very gradual, the exposure of f farther along the beach clearly shows that the bed is lithologically similar to the blue clay of the Awamoa Creek deposits. A list of fossils from bed f collected by Professor Marshall and myself has been published by Professor Marshall in the last volume of the “Transactions of the New Zealand Institute” (vol 47, p 384) It will be seen from the above description that there is a gradual transition from the limestone through greensands to the typical Awamoa blue clay, and that the beds are conformable throughout. The horizons b, c, d, e, and f are clearly recognizable in many other parts of the district. The limestone is probably only the upper portion of the Ototara limestone, the continuous deposition of which was interrupted by volcanic action which resulted in the accumulation of the mineral breccias at Kakanui, the volcanic rocks of Oamaru Creek, and much of Oamaru Cape. (2) Kakanui River (Right Bank). Thomson (1906, pp. 485, 486, Fig 2) has given a section of the beds exposed here. In the bed of the river at very low water a small isolated outcrop