Awarua* (W.M. 4437, 4452); Mt. Cargill* (W.M. 4437); Manapouri (W.M. 4587); Longwood Range (W.M. 4452). f. cancellata semi-pellucida New Zealand (L. Diels). Cladonia farinacea (Vain.) Evans. K—, P +. New Zealand (det. H. Sandstede). Series 2. Megaphyllae Vain. Primary squamules rather large and persistent. Cladonia rigida (Tayl) Hpe. K +, C —, P +. Soil-coated rocks, dry peat. Podetia very short and isidiose. Rangitoto (L. B. Moore); Swampy Hill (J.S.T. 1876, with reserve). Cladonia turgida (Ehrh.) Hoffm. K +, C +, P +. On soil covered rocks, humic soil, peat, etc. Thomson's specimens determined by W. M. Mt. Moehau, Coromandel Peninsula (L. B. Moore); Mt. Pisgah (J.S.T. 1457, 1913). Subsection 2. Unciales (Del.) Vain. Primary squamules foliose but minute and evanescent. Podetia repeatedly branched, rarely scyphose. Branching by dichotomies or whorls. Axils open or both open and closed. Cups open when present. Usnic acid always present. [Cladonia medusina (Bon) Nyl.] K + f. or —, (KC) +, P +. Recorded from New Zealand by Krempelhuber (32); Auckland (Knight). Cladonia amaurocraea (Flk.) Schaer. K ±, (KC) +, C ±, P —. On earth in grass or low vegetation. Kuriwao (W.M. 4274, 4400); Otago (H.H.A.); Maruia (J.S.T. 2425); Palmerston North (H.H.A.); Ruakura (H. H. A); New Zealand (Knight in Krempelhuber 32, p. 447); New Zealand (Jolliffe). Cladonia Boryi Tuck. f. lacunosa Tuck. K + f, (KC) +, P—. On earth usually in montane or subalpine stations. Mt. Technical (J.S.T. 2446); Lead Hills and Mt. Trovatore (H.H.A. 1 p. 338); Awarua Bay (W.M. 6570, 6581); Ross (W.M. 7620). Cladonia capitellata (Tayl.) Bab. K ±, (KC) ±, P—. On soils in manuka heaths, less often on logs or rocks. North and South Islands (Hooker, Colenso, Lyall); Rangitoto (H.H.A.). f. fastigiata Vain. Rangitoto (H.H A); Taupo (K.W.A.); Feilding (H.H.A.); Greymouth (W. McKay); Huka Falls (Zahlbruckner in 62); Whangarei (Zahlbruckner in 62); Maruia Saddle (J.S.T.); Waipori (J.S.T. 202); Stoneburn (J.S.T. 2544); Kaiteriteri (W.M. 3018, 4605); Wairau Valley (W. M.4063. 4103, 3047, 3058); Longwood Range (W.M. 4477); Kuriwao (W. M. 2167, 4159); Picton (W.M. 4600); Mt. Cargill (W.M. 4407); Greenhills (W.M. 4328); Cascade Creek (W.M. 4489, 5306); Murchison (W.M. 4404); Eastbourne (W.M. 2801). f. amaurocraeoides Vain. Lamb Hill (J.S.T. 252); Verterburn (J.S.T. 341); Flagstaff (J. S. T. 1719; W. M.6034); Rangitoto (H.H.A.); Mt. Cargill (W.M. 4102, 4408); Lake Manapouri (W. M.5038); Lake Wanaka (W. M.6800–6803) f. degentrata Vain. New Zealand (Hochstetter); Mt. Pisgah (J.S.T. 452); Veterburn (J. S. T. 374); Rangitoto (H.H A.); Cave Hill (J.S.T. 225); Mt. Pisgah (J. S. T. 2000).