and, having lately read Dr. Hector's paper on “Recent Moa Remains in New Zealand,” I venture to believe that my slight experience in the remains of a stone epoch, gathered in another colony (the Cape of Good Hope) may not prove uninteresting to you.

I may premise that, unlike New Zealand, no native tribe in South Africa has been known to have used stone implements within historical times. In the early days of the colony, Hottentots, or Bushmen, are represented to have used the perforated stones or stone-rings, (of hard sandstone, greenstone, etc.), which are frequently turned up from under the soil, in weighting the ends of sticks with which they dug up roots, but they probably found them to their hand and thus utilized them, many of them being so small as to be useless for such a purpose. As they are found quite independently of the so-called “arrow-fields,” they probably belong to another and later period. Arrow and spear-heads, celts, hammers, saws, chisels, etc., were first found a few years ago by Mr. T. H. Bowker, a well-known colonist at the Cape, and since then have been discovered at various localities, both on the coast and inland. It is remarkable that they are generally found on the surface of the same red clay or gravel, a circumstance which may assist in determining their age. As to that I will hazard no opinion, but at East London the coast line has been submerged and raised again since the implements found there were fashioned. The following extract from a paper by Mr. Mackay, Clerk of Works, in the employment of the Government, (which accompanied a collection of implements that I have seen), may throw some light on this part of the subject. The calcareous tufa referred to is a recent deposit. On one part of the West Coast, near the mouth of the Orange River, I observed numerous shells of ostrich eggs imbedded in it. He says, “The red soil in the interior affords no indication of the age of the implements; but on the coast the red clay can be shown to be overlaid by the calcareous tufa, followed by a wind-stratified sand-limestone, on which rests a yellow plastic clay that is from a rock decomposing at the higher levels, and the resultant clays transported to and filling in the depressions at the lower levels; then follow gravels, and over them alluvial and sedimentary mud; then the modern sand-drift.” “In 1851 the whole of the ground between East London and Fort Glamorgan was covered by drift-sand, with a thick carpet of grass grown over it. Waggon traffic cut up the sand in all directions, and in a short time all was blown away except a few hillocks from four to eight feet high. The exposed black clay, formerly protected by the sand, was gradually cut through, and the implements exposed to view. In this condition they were discovered by Mr. T. H. Bowker, in 1867, who had previously discovered them elsewhere. No doubt the implements were made on the spot, for with them were cores and flakes, also their being found in the small islets of black clay that still remain undenuded in the ‘arrow field,’ and their occurrence in the