Animal.—Yellow ochre, spotted with dark purple, sole of the foot yellow.

œsophagus long and narrow, suddenly expanding into the stomach. The intestine, starting a little above the fundus of the stomach, passes anteriorly to the left, crosses over to the right, bends backward, and again crosses over the stomach to the left, and, having reached the fundus, turns sharply forward as a rectum to the anus. The hepatic ducts enter the fundus of the stomach. The salivary glands open into the buccal mass, which is of a blood-red colour, while the salivary glands are yellow. The stomach is pale yellow, with a dead white cæcum at the cardiac end. The liver is yellow-brown. The penis is large and thick, with an orange gland at the end. The ovotestis is yellow-brown, the hermaphrodite duct blue-black, the albumen gland and uterus pale yellow, and the spermatheca red. Numerous particles of calcite are found about the reproductive organs.

Hab. Dunedin; Banks Peninsula; Wellington; and at the Chatham Islands.

Sowerby originally gave Tasmania as the habitat, but it is not mentioned in the Rev. J. Tenison-Wood's Census of Tasmanian Shells. Reeve gives New Zealand as the locality. The identification of S. scutellum with this species is due to Dr. E. von Martens; I have not seen Deshayes' description.

Siphonaria australis. Plate XVII., figs. e to g.

Siphonaria australis, Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. Astrolabe, Zool. ii., p. 329, pl. 25, figs. 32–34 (1833); Gray, Figures of Molluscous Animals, pl. 76, fig. 5.

Shell ovate-oblong, rather conical, with numerous unequal rather undulating ribs; apex posterior, not uncinate. Exterior reddish-brown, the ribs white; interior liver brown, the margin generally marked with white at the termination of each rib. Length .75; breadth .5 to .6; height .25 inch.

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Dentition, 36—1—36/160. Jaw arcuate, of equal thickness throughout, rounded at each end, concave margin papillate, remainder of surface obliquely cross striated in two directions. Central tooth rather narrow, its length being nearly three times the breadth of the base. Laterals about 19, they and the marginals much like those of S. obliquata.

Animal pale-yellowish, speckled with black on the sides of the foot and head. Alimentary system like the last species, but the œsophagus is short and passes gradually into the stomach, which is yellowish-white. The liver is pale yellow. The penis is long and narrow, the gland pale yellow. The ovotestis is brownish-yellow, and the spermatheca narrow.

Hab. Abundant on rocks in the south as far as Banks' Peninsula; rare in Cook's Straits, Quoy's specimens were obtained on the roots of kelp.

This species is closely allied to S. diemenensis, Quoy and Gaimard, and may prove to be a variety of it; in which case I would ask Australian conchologists to retain our name, as the more appropriate. Further notes on its anatomy and development will be found in the Annals of Natural History for 1882.

Siphonaria zealandica, Pl. XVII., figs. h to m.

Siphonaria zealandica, Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. Astrolabe, Zoologie ii., p. 344, pl. 25, fig. 17–18 (1833).

Shell ovate-oblong, depressed with numerous rounded ribs, of which about fourteen are usually much larger than the others, two of these close together form the siphonal groove, and are separated by a considerable space from the other larger ribs. Apex obtuse, submedian. Exterior ashbrown, the ribs sometimes lighter; interior liver-brown, the apex often yellowish, a narrow marginal line, or often only the tips of the projecting ribs, yellowish. Length .75; breadth .6; height .15 to .2 inch.

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Dentition, 33 to 40—1—33 to 40/130 to 140. Jaw like that of S. australis. Central tooth narrow, its length three times the breadth at the base. Laterals about thirteen, the cutting-point bidentate, and a small cutting-point on the outside; marginals with three cutting-points, the median the largest, and bidentate on the inner marginals, simple and rounded on the outer ones.

Animal like S. australis, but the ovotestis is pale yellow.

Hab. Auckland, Nelson, and Wellington; comparatively rare and very small at Banks' Peninsula, which is the most southern locality at which I have found it. Chatham Islands (?).

This species is usually easily recognized from the last by its large projecting ribs, but sometimes the shells cannot be distinguished, and the bidentate cutting-points of the teeth is the only reliable character. S. inculta, Gould, is probably the same, but I have not seen the figure. Reeve has identified S. zealandica with S. sipho, Sowb., found in the Indian Archipelago; perhaps he is right, but until the dentition of S. sipho is known it will be better I think to keep the two separate.

Siphonaria redimiculum. Plate XVII., figs. n. to r.

Siphonaria redimiculum, Reeve, Conchologia Iconica, Siphonaria, fig. 24.

Shell ovate-oblong, depressed, rather thin, with about twenty-five distant undulating ribs; apex posterior, uncinate, bent to the left; exterior uniform reddish-brown; interior dark purple, lighter under the apex.

Length .8–.9; breadth .65; height .2.

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Dentition, 44—1—44/120. Jaw arcuate, tapering to each end; surface covered with minute papillæ. Central tooth very narrow, its length being four times the breadth. Laterals about twenty, the cutting-point bidendate and continued down on each side of the cusp; interior marginals with two cutting-