long hairs of the abdominal extremity, partly simple and partly serrated, and the single pair of lobes, are so clear that the identity is manifest. I think, however, that there are six of the long simple hairs on each side, and not four as given by Mr. Morgan.

A minute, bright-red mite (seemingly Gamasid) was very active and numerous amongst these Sandwich Island specimens; and I found many of the Aspidioti which appeared to have been partly devoured, whether by this or some other parasite I could not determine.

Aspidiotus camelliae, Boisduval. A. rapax, Comstock.

This insect is still very prevalent in New Zealand on many plants. It has lately attacked Diosma in the gardens near Wellington. I have also had specimens sent to me by Mr. Froggatt, from Sydney, on Melaleuca nodosa, and by Mr. French, from Melbourne, on Rhododendron. The species seems to be omnivorous, and bids fair to be cosmopolitan.

Aspidiotus ficûus (Riley), Comstock. Comstock, Ent. Rep. U.S. Agric. Dept., 1880, p. 296.

This species, which in North America appears to be an injurious pest on orange-trees, has been sent to me during the last year from New South Wales (by Mr. Froggatt) and from Queensland (by Mr. Koebele). The characters by which A. subrubescens mihi (1891) differs from it will be found in vol. xxiv. of our Transactions, p. 9. The Australian plants on which my specimens of A. ficus came were not named by the senders; but I imagine them to be various kinds of Citrus.

Aspidiotus ceratus, sp. nov. Plate I., fig. 1.

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Female puparium snowy-white, circular, convex; diameter about 1/22in. when separate; but numbers of puparia are usually so massed together that measurement is difficult. Texture solid and waxy; the two pellicles are central and of a faint yellow tinge, covered by a scale of white wax.

Male puparium white, smaller, and more elongated than that of the female.

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Adult female orange – coloured, pegtop – shaped; length about 1/30in. Abdomen ending in two adjacent lobes with rounded emarginate ends; above them are two club-shaped organs. The abdominal margin is serratulate and bears some short spines: of these spines, one on each side, not far from the lobes, is widely forked. No groups of spinnerets.

Adult male unknown.

Hab. In Australia, on Acacia stenophylla. Mr. French sent me specimens from the banks of the Murray River, in South Australia.

This species may be distinguished by the white waxy puparia, and by the large forked spines on the abdominal margin.

Aspidiotus vitiensis, sp. nov. Plate I., fig. 2.

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Female puparium greyish-white as a rule, but varying somewhat in colour according to the bark of the tree; form probably nearly circular, but so many are usually massed together that it is difficult to make out the outline; slightly convex. Diameter probably about 1/25 in. Pellicles subcentral, yellow.

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Male puparium similar in colour to that of the female, but smaller and more elliptical. Length about 1/40 in.

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Adult female brown, pegtop-shaped: length about 1/16in. Abdomen ending in two large median triangular lobes with serrated sides, not adjoining: on each side is a small cylindrical lobe, followed by a forked spine, and, after an interval, two smaller conical lobes and another forked spine: the abdominal margin bears also a few other spines. Four groups of spinnerets: upper groups 6–10 orifices, lower groups about 15.

Hab. In Fiji, on “several different forest-trees.” My specimens were sent by Mr. Koebele.

Aspidiotus unilobis, sp. nov. Plate I., fig. 3.

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Female puparium really whitish, but generally covered by so much dense black fungus that it seems black, and is very difficult to distinguish. Form circular, sightly convex; pellicles orange, central, forming a minute boss. Diameter about 1/20in.

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Male puparium white, elongated, not carinated. Length about 1/25in.

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Adult female dark-orange, pegtop-shaped; length about 1/30in. Abdomen ending in one single median dome-shaped lobe, on each side of which are a few fine hairs. No groups of spinnerets. The margin of the abdomen is finely striated and minutely crenulated.

Adult male unknown.

Hab. In Australia, on Acacia sp. (tea-tree), Mount Victoria, New South Wales.

The single median lobe sufficiently distinguishes this species. A similar character is seen in Chionaspis quercus, Comstock.

Aspidiotus aurantii, Maskell.

I am constantly receiving specimens of this insect from many widely-separated localities, and on many different trees. It is not at all confined to the orange, and is, seemingly, ubiquitous in warm temperate countries. The colour varies a little, and lately I have had some from Honolulu, on a species

of Podocarpus from Japan, which are of a good deal deeper red than the type.

In the United States “Agricultural Bulletin,” No. 23, 1891, Mr. Coquillett mentions, under the name of “the yellow scale, Aspidiotus citrinus,” a form which, from careful examination of specimens sent to me by Mr. Ehrhorn, of Santa Clara County, California, I find are clearly only A. aurantii. Mr. Ehrhorn informs me that he and Professor Comstock and several others have come to the same conclusion. I am sorry that a distinction founded on so slight a character as mere colour should be so often suggested. No scientific description of this form has yet appeared, that I know of.

Aspidiotus extensus, sp. nov. Plate I., figs. 4, 5.

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Female puparium of a dull dirty-yellow or brown colour, frequently obscured by black fungus, subcircular, convex, and usually somewhat conical; diameter, about 1/12in. at ful development. The larval pellicle is black, situated at the apex of the cone; the second pellicle is very inconspicuous, and it is difficult to make out its dimensions, but close examination shows that it occupies about half the puparium. The surface of the puparium is finely striated.

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Male puparium subcircular, of a grey or bluish-grey colour, rather convex, but less so than that of the female. The pellicle is less black than in the female, and is not placed centrally. Diameter of puparium about 1/20in.

In all the specimens seen the female puparia were on the twigs, the male puparia on the leaves.

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Adult female dark-brown, pegtop-shaped, with a distinct prolongation of the abdominal region, by which the abdominal margin is slightly concave. The size varies: specimens seen range in length from 1/30in. to 1/14in. The prolongation of the abdomen bears two median lobes, set so closely together as to look like one, their outer margins sloping, and minutely serratulate; beyond these the abdominal margin is irregular, and bears some rather strong spines and cylindrical processes blunt at the tips, and there is a longish spiny hair at the innermost point of the concavity of the margin. There are no groups of spinnerets.

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Adult male dark-brown; form rather stout and thick; length (exclusive of spike) about 1/35in.; the spike is about as long as the abdomen. Antennae and feet normal. There. seem to be two dorsal eyes, two ventral, and two ocelli; but my specimens are not clear as to these.

Hab. In Australia, on Eucalyptus capitellata. My specimens were sent by Mr. Froggatt, from Bankstown, near Sydney; and I have also two, which seem to be quite similar, on the same plant from Victoria, sent by Mr. French.