this part of the range until Mr. Aston paid it a flying visit in the early summer of last year. In his company and that of a small party of friends. I had the pleasure of visiting the Mount Hector district at the end of January of the present year. The visit was, unfortunately, too short and hurried to allow of close or extensive observation, but a brief record of it may not be devoid of interest, and may haply prove an aid and stimulus to further exploration.

The whole of the main Tararua Range appears to be of comparatively recent elevation, in the geological sense of the term “recent.” The river-valleys issuing from its heights are deep, narrow, and steep-sloped, while their upper parts are gorge-like. Alluvial flats bordering the river-bed are absent, or very scanty. Such as exist are composed of shingle overlaid by sand and finer sediment, and are practically destitute of swamp. The very gradual elevation of the range is attested by the existence of the Manawatu Gorge, which crosses the range at its northern extremity, and carries the drainage of the eastern slopes of a large part of the Tararua and Ruahine Ranges, as well as that of the lower eastern hilly country, to the west coast of the Island. Obviously the elevation of the mountain axis was so slow as to allow the Manawatu River to deepen its valley almost as rapidly as the land was elevated. The erosion of the gorge did not, indeed, continuously keep pace with the upheaval of the range, for at one stage the water coming from the eastern part of its basin was ponded back, and formed an extensive lake in the district of which Woodville is now the centre. But its waters appear never to have risen high enough to flow eastward by any of the depressions lying on that side of the basin. The main Tararua Range thus presents a striking contrast to the lower ranges that run southward from it as far as Wellington Harbour. Here the Hutt Valley, formerly eroded to a much greater depth than is now seen, has been filled up to a comparatively high level by the waste of the mountains, owing to continuous recent depression. The wide valley-flats of the Wainuiomata and other streams in this region equally testify to former deep erosion followed by a filling-up of the valley as a result of depression.

The whole of the slopes of the Tararua Range were at no distant historical date completely clothed with forest. On the lower slopes much of this covering has been cleared and the land converted into pasture, but the main slopes to a great width are still forest-clad, though the process of clearing goes steadily forward. The whole tract above the level of the forest and its limiting zone of subalpine scrub is still virgin country—a fine specimen of primitive montane New Zealand, as yet

wholly undisturbed by man and the sheep and cattle that he brings in his train. On the tops I saw no trace of the presence of any animal alien to primitive Maoriland. Traces of pigs were observed high up on the forest ridge, but even these were scanty. This condition is likely to be maintained for some years more, so that a thorough examination of the region can most likely be carried out before the natural balance of vegetation, that has been established under long-prevailing conditions, is seriously modified. Lying as the high range does almost at the doors of the capital of the colony, this task should not be impossible of accomplishment.

Mount Hector is the culminating-point of an extensive elevated plateau that forms the most southerly and probably the widest part of the Tararua Range. Around it are to be seen some thousands of acres of gently sloping ridges of alpine grass or meadow land, singularly free from bog, though wet depressions and wide shallow valleys are not uncommon. It is most easily approached from the western side, by way of the Otaki Valley. This valley, in its lower part, shows that a quite recent elevation of this part of the range to a height of 60 ft. to 80 ft. has taken place, for the river now flows along a narrow precipitous gorge of that depth, hollowed out in the bottom of an older and much wider valley, the southern border of which is deeply covered by fan-like delta deposits of débris carried down by the small northward-flowing tributary streams and brooks. The river must have flowed at a higher level for a lengthened period, since it has, by meandering, eaten away the high and steep sides of the valley to a general width of nearly half a mile. At present the bottom of the river-gorge has a steep slope, and the whole of its narrow bed is occupied by sand and shingle banks, to the complete exclusion of vegetation. Had the slope been as great during the erosion of the older and wider valley it is not easy to see how it could have been excavated to its present width. The facts noted show that a considerable elevation of the western part of the range must have taken place in quite recent days.

In the lower part of the Otaki Valley, as far as our party followed it, few plants of special interest were observed, the vegetation being that common to the valleys and foothills of this part of the Wellington District. On the rocky banks, however, were seen Carmichaelia odorata, in full flower and deliciously scented; Carmichaelia flagelliformis, in young fruit; a form of Olearia nitida with narrow-oblong leaves, like the peculiar variety of that species occurring at the Karangahake Gorge (Ohinemuri County), differing therefrom chiefly in the colour of the tomentum on the under side of the leaves, which

was that normal to the species; Gnaphalium keriense; Veronica catarractœ; and Azorella trifoliolata.

After threading the lower valley or gorge of the Otaki for some eight or nine miles, our way lay up a long, wooded, gently rising ridge that led straight to the alpine meadow. The forest on the lower slopes is essentially a tawa forest, with the usual admixture of rata, rimu, kahikatea, pukatea, kohekohe, horopito or pepper-tree, and shade-loving Coprosmas, chiefly C. grandifolia in the gullies, and C. lucida, C. robusta, and C. Colensoi at higher levels. The supplejack grew abundantly towards the foot of the slopes, showing how wet the forest land always is at this level. On the higher parts of the ridge beeches became the predominant trees, Fagus fusca and Fagus Menziesii being both abundant. Fagus apiculata, though not observed by me, probably also grows here; at any rate, it is found in similar stations on the eastern and southern flanks of the range. In the beech forest, species of Panax become fairly plentiful, also Coprosma lucida and Coprosma Colensoi. Small bushes of Griselinia littoralis are not unfrequent, but it nowhere attains the dimensions of a tree. The ground vegetation consisted largely of mosses and ferns, with patches of Astelia nervosa (the shade form of the species), Uncinia australis, and Microlœna avenacea. Enargea marginata hung in considerable abundance from the stems of trees and tree-ferns, displaying its pretty white flower-cups and partly ripe fruit, while the beautiful star-like blossoms of Libertia pulchella bespangled the carpet of moss.

I was greatly interested in the remarkable leaf-variation shown by Drimys axillaris at increasing elevations on this ridge. At the lower levels the leaves had the typical somewhat obtuse tip and subcuneate outline, and the typical dark glossy green tint on the upper surface, with the usual pale glaucous green or greyish tint on the under surface. At increasing heights the leaves became progressively longer, narrower, and more acute, while the colour of the upper surface grew more and more decidedly red, and that of the under surface grew more and more decidedly a creamy yellow. At the highest levels at which it was observed the foliage had assumed a form barely distinguishable as regards the coloration of both leaf-surfaces from the species known as Drimys colorata, so common on the edges of bush land in the lower parts of Otago and Southland, differing only in the longer, narrower, and more pointed leaves and the flat, even margins. Before seeing the series of forms growing on this ridge I was a firm believer in the specific distinctness of Drimys colorata, but the instructive series of leafvariations here observed has considerably shaken my confidence

in this opinion. To any botanist who has leisure, a study of the materials to be readily met with on this ridge will certainly yield important data for settling the relations in rank of D. axillaris and D. colorata. It is probable that the leaf-variations under notice are mainly due to the stronger insolation experienced at the higher levels, where the competing vegetation is lower and much less crowded.

As noted above, Coprosma Colensoi here forms quite an important element in the shrubby forest undergrowth. It varies but little with elevation, all the plants showing rather large petiolate leaves of uniform size, shape, and texture, except at and near the tips of the higher branchlets, where they become narrower and more obtuse. The leaves are in general ¾ in. to 1 in. long, and ⅓ in. to ½ in. wide, and are very similar to those of C. fœtidissima, also fairly abundant here. Nowhere in this neighbourhood did I see any plant approaching the narrow obtuse-leaved forms of the species that abound in the higher wooded parts of the Hutt Valley and elsewhere in the castern wooded uplands of the North Island. At the time of my visit the plants were all past flower; a few in opener situations had ripe drupes, oblong in outline, nearly as thick as a pea, and of a deep-red colour; but in general the drupes were only halfgrown. The pyrenes were large for the size of the drupes. Further inquiry must settle whether the narrow-leaved form which I have distinguished as C. Banksii is really conspecific with the plant under notice.

The shade form of Astelia nervosa is plentiful on the higher parts of the ridge, while the mountain form abounds in wonderful profusion for 600 ft. or 800 ft. above the alpine scrub. The shade form had long, rather thin, glabrous leaves, and grew in small compact tufts. The pistillate plants bore abundance of half-ripe fruit. As the top of the ridge became more exposed, the leaves became shorter, more coriaceous, more or less silky, and more strongly tufted, while on the higher open slopes the plants grew in wide low tufts or tussocks, with foliage of a greyish-white or greyish-yellow hue, so abundant was the coating of silky hairs. Though thousands of plants were seen on the open uplands, and they were so abundant and slippery that walking over them was slow and fatiguing work, I did not see a single plant in flower or fruit. This is a very singular fact, and is probably due to flies being practically absent from this habitat during the flowering season, owing to the boisterous winds that almost constantly prevail here at that time. If the pollen were carried by the wind from the staminate to the pistillate flowers, a fair number of plants would surely have set fruit. Vegetative multiplication

is very vigorous, and this no doubt compensates for the apparent rarity of regular propagation by seed. In sharp contrast with this was the abundance of seed that had set in Astelia linearis, which is plentiful in all boggy stations on the open uplands. Nowhere, I imagine, could we see a finer series of the various forms which this variable species may assume under different conditions of shade and water-supply than this locality furnishes. The gradations observed leave no shadow of doubt in my mind that Astelia grandis of Hooker f. is simply a shade-and moisture-loving form of the smaller silky-leaved mountain plant that has for long been taken to represent the type of Banks and Solander's species. Mr. Cheeseman, who has for the present united the two species, expresses the opinion that further research may disclose characters to separate the silky mountain form as a distinct species. This I consider most unlikely, as the extreme states of the species here graduate into each other by such insensible steps, and in such evident response to changing conditions, that there can be no reasonable doubt that all belong to a single variable specific type. The lower uplands of Mount Hector are well worth visiting were it only to examine the evidence of this gradual transition.

For some distance before entering the subalpine scrub, a notable change in the prevailing vegetation is observed. Olearia Colensoi, forming stout, low, widely branching shrubs, becomes the predominant plant, with Panax Sinclairii, Panax anomalum, Senecio elœagnifolius, and Pittosporum rigidum as subordinate elements, and Uncinia cœspitosa, Uncinia filiformis, Libertia pulchella, and Phormium Cookianum as undergrowth.

The width of the subalpine scrub is nowhere great on the western slopes of Mount Hector. It consists of the usual dense, stunted, level-topped, and almost impenetrable tangle of xerophytic shrubs common to this mountain-belt in the North Island. The principal plants here comprising the scrub were Olearia Colensoi (much stunted), Dracophyllum longifolium, Panax anomalum, Panax Sinclairii, Senecio elœagnifolius, Gaultheria rupestris (in dense bushes), Pimelea Gnidia (also in dense bushes), a dwarf form of Olearia nitida, Olearia lacunosa, Olearia excorticata (rare), Pittosporum rigidum, Coprosma cuneata, Veronica salicifolia (a short broad-leaved form), Phormium Cookianum, and Astelia nervosa, with Uncinia filiformis and Viola filicaulis among the undergrowth. Along the sheltered edges of the subalpine scrub grew abundance of the short mountain form of Euphrasia cuneata (in full bloom), with tufts in wet spots of Ourisia macrophylla and Hierochloe redolens. In a drier station here was seen what is probably the true Ourisia Colensoi.

On emerging from the exasperating scrub you suddenly

enter the alpine grass or meadow region, and have done with all forest and shrubby growth. The mountain meadow consists of extensive bare slopes and undulating ridges covered by a varied low vegetation, among which Astelia nervosa is, at the lower levels, by far the most abundant plant. Ligusticum dissectum is also very plentiful. Mixed with these are Aciphylla Colensoi (var. conspicua), Gentiana patula, Celmisia spectabilis, and rare plants of Uncinia purpurea (var. fusco-vaginata) Grasses formed an important element in this assemblage. Danthonia Raoulii and its variety flavescens were abundant, but neither here nor at any higher level on the mountain was this species found in flower, though the plants grew with great luxuriance. Other grasses occurring in this lower tract were a distinct-looking, tufted, wiry form of Danthonia semiannularis, a wiry, strongly tufted form of Deyeuxia setifolia, Ehrharta Colensoi, Agrostis Dyeri, Deyeuxia Forsteri, and an erect, wiry, short-leaved form of Deschampsia tenella, differing strongly in habit from the flaccid drooping plant that one finds in the open woodlands of eastern Otago, where I first observed the species.

In the more level spots considerable areas of shallow, half-peaty, half-swampy soil are met with, and here the vegetation is very different. The most abundant and most characteristic plant is Abrotanella pusilla, a species that has not been seen since Colenso discovered it, nearly sixty years ago, on the Ruahine Range. It is a very slender, low, densely matted, moss-like plant, with an inflorescence that barely exceeds the leaves, carpeting quite a large proportion of all wet and boggy ground. With it occur Astelia linearis (in fine fruit), Carpha alpina, Centrolepis viridis, Caltha novœ-zelandiœ, Oreobolus pumilio, Liparophyllum Gunnii, Juncus antarcticus, Drosera stenopetala, Uncinia compacta, Lyperanthus antarcticus, and a few other species of less interest. On the drier edges of the boggy stations Gentiana bellidifolia, in full flower and very variable in full flower and very variable in height and branching, was common, and here a few patches of Triodia australis were also found. The small Abrotanella ascends almost to the top of the mountain, and in drier stations forms more compact and rather taller tufts.

On the edge of a shallow sheltered basin at no great height above the level of the subalpine scrub grew some fine plants of Olearia lacunosa, still in full bloom, and exhaling a strong and agreeable perfume. This is without doubt the plant that Buchanan has distinguished as Olearia alpina. So far as I am aware, this botanist never saw it growing in its native habitat, and he probably had very imperfect specimens before him when he concluded that it was a new species. It differs from

the ordinary states of O. lacunosa only in having slightly narrower leaves, and in my judgment does not even rank as a distinct variety. The narrower foliage seems to me a natural adaptation to the very exposed situations in which the plant grows here. It is a much-branched shrub, reaching a height of 6 ft. to 9 ft., and is well worthy of cultivation, both for its elegant habit and for its sweet perfume.

Several hundred feet of alpine meadow have to be ascended before Astelia nervosa ceases to be the predominant plant. On its disappearance the grasses and other plants that share the lower levels with it continue to a great elevation, and new associates are gradually introduced. The most conspicuous of these are Helichrysum leontopodium (the North Island edelweiss), a most striking plant, growing in considerable profusion, and Celmisia hieracifolia, fairly plentiful in the drier stations. Dracophyllum uniflorum appears sparingly also in dry spots, and Helichrysum Traversii and Veronica buxifolia were seen in a few places, also a luxuriant form of Bulbinella Hookeri. Forstera (two forms, probably F. Bidwillii and F. tenella) and Phyllachne Colensoi become fairly common in wet stations, while Raoulia grandiflora puts in its appearance, to become more and more plentiful as you mount towards the tops.

At an elevation of about 4,300 ft. a new whipcord Veronica is noticed. It grows on well-drained slopes with a surface of sand and finely or coarsely broken rock. Allied to V. tetragona, it is smaller in all its parts, lower in growth, and more densely and compactly branched. Fortunately it was in full flower, so that its position in the genus could be determined with certainty. Here Carex acicularis grows in the crevices and nooks of the broken rocky western slopes.

The grasses now receive fresh additions, as Poa Colensoi, Poa Kirkii (var. McKayi), and Poa imbecilla (a short, slender alpine form) make their apperance in fair abundance. On the rocky faces on the western slope Raoulia rubra now becomes plentiful. It grows in very dense, rounded, low cushions, and in low flattened patches often a foot or two in diameter, and sends down stout, tough roots to a great depth in the crevices and joints. It was found in good condition, though rather past flower, the flowering having been very abundant this season. The present species, like several of its congeners, exhibits a remarkable capacity for retaining moisture, the cushions all proving as wet as a half-saturated sponge, and this though there had been a succession of bright, windy days. At this level Myrsine nummularia appears sparingly.

At all levels of the alpine meadow Epilobium nummulari-

folium (var. pedunculare) was a common occupant of bare wet spots. E. alsinoides and E. erectum (mihi) are also present, but in sparing quantity. At about 4,000 ft. another species, either undescribed or a form of E. gracilipes, becomes abundant in the drier situations, while in wet ones E. erubescens is not uncommon.

The main plateau is now reached. Its surface is not much diversified, as it consists of low, wide, rounded ridges, with wide, shallow hollows and valleys between. It is everywhere covered by grasses and a varied low vegetation. Danthonia Raoulii and its variety flavescens, which maintain throughout this alpine district their obviously distinct appearance and habit, are the predominant plants. The other grasses have mostly run out, much of the ground being, no doubt, too wet for their support, though the snowy covering that obtains during the colder months helps in determining their absence. Raoulia grandiflora is still plentiful, and Euphrasia revoluta, Ranunculus geraniifolius (varying greatly in size, but mostly very dwarf), Astelia linearis, and Caltha novœ-zealandiœ become abundant. Carpha alpina reappears in plenty, while a remarkably dwarf form of Forstera tenella still struggles for existence. A very slender dwarf Scirpus (no doubt S. aucklandicus, var. subcucullata) forms a short grass-like sward in the wetter spots, and sorry slender tufts of Schœnus pauciflorus occur here and there. The fruits of the latter were all found to be ergotised. Plantago Brownii, varying greatly in size according as its station is sodden or fairly dry, is not uncommon; while P. uniflora is plentiful in all the wetter hollows. The latter was an interesting find, as the typical form of the species has not been seen since Colenso made his famous journey over the Ruahine Range.

One of our party went as far as the trig. station that lies some distance back on the plateau, and he brought back specimens of Ranunculus insignis, Cotula pyrethrifolia, Coprosma ramulosa (which was observed lower down), Claytonia australasica, Cardamine hirsuta (var. subcarnosa), Geum parviflorum, Helichrysum bellidioides, Ourisia cœspitosa, and Poanovœ-zealandiœ.

One of my chief objects in undertaking this journey was to gain an acquaintance with Helichrysum fasciculatum (Buch.) and H. Loganii (T. Kirk), but I had not the good fortune to come across either. Time did not allow of my examining the steep rocky slopes on the western edge of the plateau, and a number of plants are likely to grow there which our party overlooked, and among them both of the above may well occur.

A conspicuous feature in the Mount Hector alpine meadow is the scarcity of shrubby plants above the level of the sub-

• Drosera stenopetala, Hk. f. 3,000-4,000 ft.

• " spathulata(?), Labill.

• Gunnera monoica, Raoul, var. strigosa. 3,000 ft.

• Leptospermum scoparium, Forst.

• Metrosideros florida, Smith.

• " hypericifolia, A. Cunn. 1,000 ft.

• " robusta, A. Cunn. To 1,000 ft.

• " scandens, Sol. 200 ft.

• Myrtus pedunculata, Hk. f. 2,500 ft.

• " bullata, Sol.

• Epilobium junceum, Sol. 3,200 ft.

• " pubens, A. Rich.

• " tenuipes, Hk. f.

• " Hectori(?), Haussk.

• " alsinoides, A. Cunn. 3,500 ft.

• " insulare, Haussk. 200 ft.

• " rotundifolium, Forst.

• " linnæoides, Hk. f.

• " nummularifolium, R. Cunn, var. pedunculare. 3,000-4,500 ft.

• " macropus(?), Hk. (Aston.)

• " gracilipes(?), T. Kirk (or allied species). 4,000 ft.

• " glabellum, Forst.

• " erubescens, Haussk. 4,000 ft.

• " erectum, Petrie. 3,500 ft.

• Fuchsia excorticata, Linn. f. 300 ft.

• Hydrocotyle elongata, A. Cunn. 200 ft.

• " dissecta, Hk. f.

• " novæ-zealandiæ, D.C.

• Azorella Hookeri. Drude. 200 ft.

• Oreomyrrhis andicola, Endl. 3,500 ft.

• Aciphylla Colensoi, Hk. f., var. conspicua. 3,000-4,500 ft

• " squarrosa, Forst. (flaccid form).

• " Munroi, Hk. f.

• Ligusticum dissectum, T. Kirk. 3,000-4,500 ft.

• " aromaticum, Hk. f. 3,800 ft.

• Panax simplex, Forst. 1,500 ft.

• " Edgerleyi, Hk. f. 1,500 ft.

• " anomalum, Hk. 3,000 ft.

• " Sinclairii, Hk. f. 3,000 ft.

• " Colensoi, Hk. f.

• " arboreum, Forst. 2,000 ft.

• Schefflera digitata, Forst.

• Pseudopanax crassifolium, C. Koch.

• Griselinia littoralis, Raoul. 1,500-2,500 ft.

• Alseuosmia macrophylla, A. Cunn. 500 ft.

• Coprosma grandifolia, Hk. f. To 300 ft.

• " lucida, Forst. 1,500-2,500 ft.

• " robusta, Raoul. To 2,000 ft.

• " rhamnoides, Hk. f.

• " ramulosa, Petrie. 4,500 ft.

• " fœtidissima, Forst. To 3,000 ft.

• " Colensoi, Hk. f. 1,500-2,800 ft.

• " cuneata, Hk. f. 3,000 ft.

• " repens, Hk. f. 3,500 ft.

• " Banksii, Petrie.

• Nertera depressa, Banks and Sol.

• " dichondræfolia, Hook. f. 2,000 ft.

• Lagenophora petiolata, Hk. f.

• Olearia Colensoi, Hk. f. 2,500-3,000 ft.

• " nitida, Hk. f. To 3,000 ft.

• " Cunninghamii, Hk. f. 500 ft.

• " excorticata, Buch. 3,000 ft.

• " lacunosa, Hk. f. 2,800-3,500 ft.

• " alpina, Buch., is the same as the above.

• Celmisia spectabilis, Hk. f. 3,000-4,500 ft.

• " hieracifolia, Hk. f. 3,800-4,500 ft.

• Gnaphalium Keriense, A. Cunn. 200 ft.

• " Traversii, Hk. f. 4,000 ft.

• Raoulia tenuicaulis, Hk. f.

• " grandiflora, Hk. f. 3,800-5,000 ft.

• " rubra, Buch. 4,500 ft.

• Helichrysum bellidioides, Willd. 5,000 ft.

• " filicaule, Hk. f.

• " Loganii, T. Kirk (ex Cheeseman's Manual).

• " leontopodium, Hook. f. 3,800-4,400 ft.

• " fasciculatum, Buch. (ex Cheeseman's Manual).

• Cotula pyrethrifolia, Hk. f. 5,000 ft.

• Abrotanella pusilla, Hk. f. 3,000-4,500 ft.

• Brachyglottis repanda, Forst.

• Senecio lagopus, Raoul. 3,800-4,400 ft.

• " latifolius, Banks and Sol.

• " Kirkii, Hk. f. 2,000 ft.

• " elægnifolius, Hk. f. 3,000 ft.

• " elægnifolius, var. Buchanani.

• " Bidwillii, Hk. f. 3,800 ft.

• Taraxacum officinale, Wigg.

• Phyllachne Colensoi, Berggr. 3,800-5,000 ft.

• Forstera Bidwillii(?), Hk. f. 3,800 ft.

• " tenella, Hk. f. 3,800-4,800 ft.

• Pratia angulata, Hook. f.

• Gaultheria antipoda, Forst.

• Gaultheria rupestris, R. Br. 3,000 ft.

• Pentachondra pumila, R. Br. 3,000-4,000 ft.

• Cyathodes acerosa, R. Br.

• " empetrifolia, Hk. f. 3,200 ft.

• Leucopogon fasciculatus, A. Rich.

• Dracophyllum longifolium, R. Br. 3,000 ft.

• " Urvilleanum, A. Rich, var. filifolium (Aston).

• " rosmarinifolium, R. Br.

• " uniflorum, Hk. f. 3,800 ft.

• Myrsine salicina, Heward.

• " Urvillei, A. D. C. 1,000 ft.

• " divaricata, A. Cunn.

• " nummularia, Hk. f. 3,800 ft.

• Olea montana, Hk. f.

• Parsonsia heterophylla, A. Cunn.

• " capsularis, R. Br.

• Gentiana patula, Cheesm. 3,000-4,200 ft.

• " bellidifolia, Hk. f. 3,000-3,500 ft.

• Liparophyllum Gunnii, Hk. f. 3,000 ft.

• Calceolaria repens, Hk. f.

• Veronica salicifolia, Forst. To 3,000 ft.

• " lævis, Benth.

• " buxifolia, Benth. 3,800 ft.

• " Astoni, sp. nov. 4,000 ft.

• " catarractæ, Forst. 200 ft.

• Ourisia macrophylla, Hook. 3,000 ft.

• " Colensoi (?), Hk. f. 3,300 ft.

• " cæspitosa, Hk. f. 5,000 ft.

• Euphrasia cuneata, Forst. 3,000 ft.

• " revoluta, Hk. f. 4,000-5,000 ft.

• Plantago Brownii, Rapin. 4,800 ft.

• " uniflora, Hk. f. 4,800 ft.

• Hedycarya arborea, Forst. 800 ft.

• Laurelia novæ-zealandiæ, A. Cunn. 400 ft.

• Bielschmiedia tawa, Benth, and Hk. f. To 1,000 ft.

• Pimelea Gnidia, Willd. 3,000 ft.

• Drapetes Dieffenbachii, Hook., var. laxa. 4,000 ft.

• Loranthus Colensoi, Hk. f.

• Urtica incisa, Poir.

• Fagus Menziesii, Hk. f. To 2,000 ft.

• " fusca, Hk. f. 2,000 ft.

• " apiculata, Col.

• " Solandri, Hk. f.

• Podocarpus totara, D. Don. 400 ft.

• " ferrugineus, D. Don. 600 ft.

• " dacrydioides, A. Rich. 300 ft.

• Dacrydium cupressinum, Sol. 800 ft.

• Dendrobium Cunninghamii, Lindl. 2,000 ft.

• Earina mucronata, Lindl. 1,500 ft.

• Thelymitra uniflora, Hk. f.

• Prasophyllum Colensoi, Hk. f. 3,500-4,500 ft.

• Lyperanthus antarcticus, Hk. f. 3,200 ft.

• Caladenia bifolia, Hk. f. 3,500 ft.

• Corysanthes triloba, Hk. f.

• Gastrodia Cunninghamii, Hk. f.

• Libertia ixioides, Sprengel.

• " pulchella, Sprengel. 2,500-3,000 ft.

• Rhipogonum scandens, Forst. 500 ft.

• Enargea marginata, Banks and Sol. 2,000-3,000 ft.

• Cordyline indivisa, Steud. 2,500 ft.

• " Banksii, Hk. f.

• Astelia linearis, Hk. f. 3,000-4,800 ft.

• " Cunninghamii, Hk. f. 2,000 ft.

• " Solandri, A. Cunn. 300 ft.

• " nervosa, Banks and Sol. 2,000-3,800 ft.

• Dianella intermedia, Endl.

• Phormium Cookianum, Le Jolis. 3,000 ft.

• Bulbinella Hookeri, Benth and Hk. f. 4,000 ft.

• Juncus antarcticus, Hk. f. 3,000-4,500 ft.

• " novæ-zealandiæ, Hk. f. 3,000 ft.

• Luzula campestris, D.C. 3,000 ft.

• Freycinetia Banksii, A. Cunn.

• Centrolepis viridis, T. Kirk. 3,000 ft.

• Scirpus aucklandicus, Hk. f. 3,000 ft.

• " ", var. subcucullata. 4,500 ft.

• Carpha alpina, R. Br. 3,000-4,800 ft.

• Schœnus pauciflorus, Hk. f. 4,800 ft.

• Gahnia setifolia, Hk. f.

• " pauciflora, T. Kirk.

• Oreobolus pumilio, R. Br., var pectinatus. 3,000-4,000 ft.

• Uncinia purpurata, Petrie, var. fusco-vaginata. 3,500 ft.

• " compacta, R. Br. 3,000 ft.

• " cæspitosa, Boott. To 2,800 ft.

• " australis, Person. To 2,800 ft.

• " filiformis, Boott. 3,000 ft.

• " rupestris, Raoul.

• Carex aciculari, Boott. 4,000 ft.

• " ternaria, Forst.

• " dissita, Sol., var. monticola.

• Oplismenus undulatifolius, Beauv. To 1,200 ft.

• Ehrharta Colensoi, Hk. f. 3,000-4,200 ft.

• Microlæna avenacea, Hk. f. To 2,500 ft.