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Volume 40, 1907
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Art. XXXVIII.—List of Marine Molluscs collected in Otago.

By Tom Iredale.

[Read before the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury, 11th December, 1907.]

When I was preparing my list of marine Mollusca of Banks Peninsula I thought it would be interesting to compare that fauna with the recorded marine Mollusca of Otago. The only compilation I could trace was one prepared by the late Captain Hutton, and included in the “Geology of Otago” by Hutton and Ulrich, published as long ago as 1875. As, owing to nomenclatorial changes, as well as different ideas of specific values, that list is now of little value, I, with my friend Mr. W. R. Brook Oliver, determined to investigate the marine molluscan fauna of Otago Peninsula. The chief reason that prompted us to choose that locality was ease of access. At that time there was no intention of making up a list, but we found the fauna so different, and unexpected molluscs kept turning up to such an extent that I have felt it imperative to record them. We worked up the harbour from Dunedin to Port Chalmers; then at two localities near Cape Saunders—one north of the cape, the other south; thence at Sandfly Bay and the coast between that bay and Ocean Beach. Later on we collected at Shag Point, Otago, with the result that we found the fauna almost identical with that observed on the south coast of Otago Peninsula.

Our collecting was entirely in the littoral zone, and was done very hurriedly; consequently this list can only be regarded as a contribution towards a complete list of this very interesting fauna. One feature especially noticeable is the lack of many certainly common species. To remedy this in some degree I have noted in an addenda to this list such species from Dunedin as are represented in the Otago Museum, together with recent records of rare species I did not meet with. Two species in the Otago Museum I have not included—viz., Subemarginula rugosa, Q. and G., and Monodonta subrostrata, Gray. I was unable to examine these, but they appear to be doubtful identifications.

The outstanding features of our collecting were the finding of two species of Modiolarca and a species of Photinula; the abundance of Chiton æreus, Reeve; the occurrence of Callochiton platessa, Gould; and the refinding of Cominella costata, Q. and G., and Siphonalia valedicta, Watson.

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As in my Banks Peninsula list, I have followed Pelseneer's classification, for the purposes laid down in the preface to that list.

As the collecting was done on the Otago Peninsula and at Shag Point, Otago, I have after each species put “1” or “2,” the “1” meaning collected on the Otago Peninsula, and the “2” standing for Shag Point. By this means this list will prove more useful to students of the geographical distribution of the marine Mollusca of New Zealand.

In my Banks Peninsula list I have noted the stations whence I obtained living specimens of the molluscs there enumerated. In Otago I collected some molluscs which I had not met with alive on Banks Peninsula.

Some very interesting finds I have elsewhere recorded in detail. Herewith are given details of the stations of some molluscs which appear to be rare alive in the littoral zone:—

Acanthochites violaceus, Q. and G.

Under clean stones in very deep rock-pools only.

Emarginula striatula, Q. and G.

Under dirty stones, with above.

Trochus oppressus, Hutton.

Not uncommon under stones in rock-pools.

Cantharidus opalus, Martyn.

One specimen alive on seaweed in rock-pool.

Turbo granosus, Martyn.

Among seaweed on reef uncovered at very low tide.

Trichotropis inornata, Hutton.

Under dirty stones between tide-marks.

Gyrineum argus, Gmelin.

Eight live specimens in a deep rock-pool.

Barbatia decussata, Sowerby.

One specimen under a dirty stone with preceding.

All the other species I found frequenting the same station as at Banks Peninsula.

  • Lepidopleurus inquinatus, Reeve. 1, 2.

  • Ischnochiton longicymba, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • fulvus, Suter. 1, 2.

  • Callochiton platessa, Gould. 2.

  • Plaxiphora biramosa, Q. and G. 1.

    • cœlata, Reeve. 1, 2.

    • suteri, Pilsbry. 1.

    • ovata, Hutton. 1, 2.

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    • Acanthochites porosus, Burrow. 1, 2.

    • violaceus, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • zclandicus, Q. and G. 1, 2.

  • Chiton pellis-scrpentis, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • sinclairi, Gray. 1, 2.

    • quoyi, Deshayes. 1, 2.

    • æreus, Reeve. 1, 2.

  • Onithochiton undulatus, Q. and G. 1, 2.

  • Acmæa fragilis, Chemnitz. 1, 2.

    • pileopsis, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • sepiiformis, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • cingulata, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • rubiginosa, Hutton. 2.

    • stella, Lesson. 1, 2.

    • stella corticata, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • dædala, Suter. 1, 2.

    • dædala, Sublilis, Suter. 1, 2.

    • dædala, Suter, var. 2.

    • parviconoidea, Suter. 1.

    • parviconoidea leucoma, Suter. 1.

    • pseudocorticata, Iredale. 1, 2.

  • Helcioniscus radians, Gmelin. 1, 2.

    • radians affinis, Reeve. 1, 2.

    • radians decora, Philippi. 1, 2.

    • radians olivacea, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • radians argentea, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • tramoscricus, Martyn (?). 1, 2.

    • redimiculum, Reeve. 1, 2.

    • strigilis, H. and J. 1.

    • ornatus, Dillwyn. 1, 2.

    • ornatus inconspicua, Gray. 1, 2.

  • Haliotis iris, Martyn. 1, 2.

    • australis, Gmelin. 1, 2.

    • virginea, Gmelin. 1, 2.

  • Emarginula striatula, Q. and G. 1, 2.

  • Incisura lytteltonensis, Smith. 2.

  • Scutum ambiguum, Chemnitz. 1, 2.

  • Trochus viridis, Gmelin. 1, 2.

    • tiaratus, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • oppressus, Hutton. 2.

  • Monodonta æhiops, Gmelin. 1, 2.

    • atrovirens, Philippi. 2.

    • nigerrima, Gmelin. 1, 2.

    • coracina, Troschel. 1, 2.

    • morio, Troschel. 1, 2.

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  • Monodonta lugubris, Gmelin. 1, 2.

    • corrosa, A. Adams. 1.

    • corrosa undulosa, A. Adams. 1.

  • Cantharidus purpuratus, Martyn. 1.

    • opalus, Martyn. 2.

    • pupillus, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • rufozonus, A. Adams. 2.

    • sanguineus, Gray. 2.

    • tenebrosus, A. Adams. 1, 2.

    • tenebrosus hulloni, Smith. 1.

  • Photinula decepta, Iredale. 1, 2.

  • Gibbula nitida, Adams and Angas. 1, 2.

    • scamnata, Fischer. 1.

  • Calliostoma punctulatum, Martyn. 1.

  • Ethalia zelandica, H. and J. 1.

  • Liotia polypleura, Hedley. 2.

  • Turbo smaragdus, Martyn. 1, 2.

    • smaragdus tricostatus, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • granosus, Martyn. 2.

  • Astralium sulcatum, Martyn. 2.

  • Litorina mauritiana, Lamarck. 1, 2.

    • cincta, Q. and G. 1, 2.

  • Risellopsis varia, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • varia carinata, Kesteven. 1, 2.

  • Rissoa zosterophila, Webster.

    • cheilostoma, Ten.-Woods. 2

    • foveauxiana, Suter. 1, 2.

    • insculpta, Murdoch. 2.

    • rubriglobosa, Iredale. 1.

    • sinulabrum, Iredale. 1, 2.

    • inopinata, Iredale. 1, 2.

    • zosterophila, Webster, var. 2.

  • Rissoina rugulosa, Hutton. 2.

  • Eatoniella olivacea, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • olivacea annulata, Hutton. 1.

  • Turritella rosea, Q. and G. 1.

    • kanieriensis, Harris. 1.

  • Crepidula crepidula, Linne. 2.

  • Calyptræa nove-zealandiæ, Lesson. 1, 2.

    • scutum, Lesson. 1.

  • Natica zelandica, Q. and G. 1.

  • Trichotropis inornata, Hutton. 1.

  • Gyrineum argus, Gmelin. 1.

  • Odostomia vestalis, Murdoch. 2.

  • Turbonilla zealandica, Hutton. 1.

  • Vulpecula rubiginosa, Hutton. 2.

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  • Siphonalia valedicta, Watson. 1.

  • Cominella maculosa, Martyn. 2.

    • lurida, Philippi. 1.

    • costata, Q. and G. 2.

  • Euthria lineata, Martyn. 1, 2.

    • vittata, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • antarctica, Reeve. 1.

    • littorinoides, Reeve. 1.

    • flavescens, Hutton. 1.

  • Trophon ambiguus, Philippi. 2.

    • patens, H. and J. 1.

      sp. indet. 1.

  • Kalydon duodecimus, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • paive, Crosse. 1, 2.

    • plebeius, Hutton. 1.

    • pusillus, Suter. 1.

  • Thais striata, Martyn. 1, 2.

    • striata squamata, Hutton. 1, 2.

    • scobina albomarginata, Deshayes. 1, 2.

  • Pyrene choava, Reeve. 1.

    • transitans, Murdoch. 1.

    • huttoni, Suter. 1, 2.

  • Mangilia sinclairi, E. A. Smith. 1, 2.

  • Marinula filholi, Hutton. 1.

  • Leuconopsis obsoleta, Hutton. 2.

  • Amphibola crenata, Martyn. 1.

  • Siphonaria obliquata, Sowerby. 1, 2.

    • australis, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • zelandica, Q. and G. 1, 2.

  • Gadinea nivea, Hutton. 1, 2.

  • Onchidella nigricans, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • patelloides, Q. and G. 1, 2.

  • Nucula lacunosa, Hutton. 1.

  • Pectunculus striatularis, Lamarck. 1.

  • Barbatia decussata, Sowerby. 1, 2.

  • Philobrya costata, Bernard. 1.

  • Hochstetteria trapezina, Bernard. 1, 2.

  • Mytilus edulis, Linne. 1.

    • canaliculus, Martyn. 1.

    • magellanicus, Chemnitz. 1.

  • Modiolus australis, Gray. 1.

    • ater, Frauenfeld. 1.

    • Modiolaria impacta, Hermannsen. 1.

    • Chlamys zelandia, Gray. 1.

    • Ostræa angasi, Sowerby. 1.

      • reniformis, Sowerby. 1.

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  • Modiolarca pusilla, Gould. 1.

    • minutissima, Iredale. 1.

  • Cardita calyculata, Linné. 1.

  • Verticipronus mytilus, Hedley. 1.

  • Lasea miliaris, Philippi. 1.

  • Corneocyclas aucklandica, Suter. 1.

  • Tellina lactea, Q. and G. 1.

    • alba, Q. and G. 1.

    • disculus, Deshayes. 1.

  • Mesodesma australis, Gmelin. 1.

  • Atactodea subtriangulata, Gray. 1.

  • Mactra discors, Gray. 1.

    • æquilatera, Deshayes. 1.

    • scalpellum, Reeve. 1.

  • Standella ovata, Gray. 1.

  • Chione stutchburyi, Gray. 1.

    • costata, Q. and G. 1, 2.

    • crassa, Q. and G. 1.

  • Tapes intermedia, Q. and G. 1, 2.

  • Venerupis reflexa, Gray. 1, 2.

    • siliqua, Deshayes. 2.

    • elegans, Deshayes. 2.

    • insignis, Deshayes. 2.

  • Saxicarva arctica, Linne. 1, 2.

  • Panopea zelandica, Q. and G. 1.

  • Pholadidea tridens, Gray. 2.

  • Barnea similis, Gray. 2.

  • Polypus maorum, Hutton. 1, 2.

In addition, we collected six distinct species of Nudibranchs which have not yet been studied.

Addenda

  • Chiton huttoni, Suter.

    • canaliculatus, Q. and G.

  • Eudoxochiton huttoni, Pilsbry.

  • Acmæa scapha, Suter.

  • Trochus oppressus dunedinensis, Suter.

  • Monodonta corrosa plumbea, Hutton.

  • Monilea egena, Gould.

  • Calliostoma selectum, Chemnitz.

  • Astralium heliotropium, Martyn.

  • Rissoina parvilirata, Suter.

  • Turritella pagoda, Reeve.

  • Struthiolaria papulosa, Martyn.

  • Seila terebelloides, v. Martens.

  • Potamides subcarinatus, Sowerby.

– 410 –

  • Pyrene inconstans, Suter.

  • Scaphella arabica, Martyn.

  • Thais haustrum, Martyn.

  • Trophon stangeri, Gray.

  • Terebra tristis, Deshayes.

  • Melanopsis trifasciata, Gray.

  • Marsenia cerebroides, Hutton.

  • Tethys brunnea, Hutton.

  • Solenomya parkinsoni, E. A. Smith.

  • Modiolus fluviatilis, Hutton.

  • Venericardia bollonsi, Suter.

  • Resania lanceolata, Gray.

  • Solenotellina nitida, Gray.

  • Neolepton antipodum, Filhol.

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