
Genus Brachystoma Meigen.
Melander, Trans. Amer. Ento. Soc., vol. 28, p. 259 (1902).
Brachystoma adelensis sp. nov. Plate 1, fig. 2.
General colour dull-shiny brownish-black.
♂. Head about as wide as the thorax, the eyes bare, occupying the whole of the side of the head, and emarginate below the antennae, where they are dichoptic, but holoptic above; ocellar triangle rounded, prominent in profile, of a dull-black colour, with a thick tomentum; ocelli prominent,

of a very dark madder-brown; a pair of strong proclinate ocellar bristles and a similar but larger pair of post-ocellars; frons narrow, wedge-shaped and small, with dense brownish tomentum. Antennae dull black, microscopically pubescent, the distal portion of the flagellum and the terminal appendix dark brown; 1st joint short and bristly; 2nd joint globular and bristly, the outer ones longer; 3rd joint about twice as long as the 1st and 2nd together, the terminal flagellum almost as long as the 3rd. Face not seen in profile, black with a greyish-brown tomentum; the lower margin of the head with grey hairs; proboscis and palpi withdrawn, but in profile is a hairy shiny-black knob-like protuberance somewhat resembling a palpus (fig. 11); occiput black with a greyish-brown tomentum and stiff hairs, the lower corner being considerably produced.
Thorax short, prominently humped (fig. 12), the dorsum brownish-black, but lighter just before the scutellum, and with a lateral light-brown stripe from the post-alar callus to the humeri, widening anteriorly; the chaetotaxy is represented by a few stiff humeral hairs, 2 rows of short light-coloured hairs, lengthening posteriorly, each ending in 2 stronger bristle-like post-suturals just before the scutellum; the post-alars weak, but those opposite the base of the wing more distinct, as well as the marginal ones of the scutellum. Pleurae greyish-brown, due to a tomentum, bare but for 3 bristle-like curved hairs above the anterior coxae (fig. 12). Scutellum light brown on the margin, but darker towards the base.
Wings brown, the stigma very dark, a clearer space between the end of the 2nd and the anterior branch of the 3rd vein, in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th posterior cells, in the discal cell, and less distinct ones in the other cell; the veins dark brown, but lighter distally; the auxiliary vein, which on account of the folding of the wing appears approximated to the 1st vein, ends in the costa; 2nd vein strongly upturned at the tip; 3rd vein forked, the strongly sinuated anterior branch arises at an acute angle, and, curving forward for about half its length, bends backward to the costa, the posterior branch being straight; a little before the middle distance between the insertion of the anterior transverse vein and the bifurcation of the 3rd longitudinal is a supernumerary cross-vein at right angles connecting the 2nd and 3rd veins; this singular cross-vein is constant in both wings of all the specimens of this species in my possession;* the anterior branch of the
[Footnote] * I have observed supernumerary cross-veins in other species of Diptera, but, as a rule, they are not constant in both wings, and, as in the case of Calliphora hortona, are absorbed as the fly matures after pupation. Is it therefore possible that the cubital appendices, which in some cases form specific characteristics, are not trustworthy features? Space permitting, I could enumerate a few cases of New Zealand Tachinidae, for example, where the cubital appendix of the 4th vein is sometimes present or longer in one wing and absent or shorter in the other. In B. adelensis, the anterior branch of the 3rd vein and that of the 4th vary in the strength of the sinuation. Plate 1, fig. 2, is a moderate form?

4th vein is strongly sinuated into the 1st posterior cell, after which it continues its original course to the costa; anterior transverse oblique, the posterior sinuated into the discal cell and parallel to the posterior margin of the wing; the 1st basal cell is closed proximally by a cross-vein from the 1st longitudinal; anal cell longer than the 2nd basal, the anal cross-vein forming an acute angle with the anal vein, which is slightly curved at the tip to meet the posterior margin of the wing; the anal angle developed. Halteres with a light-brown stalk and a brown head.
Legs not especially elongate, blackish-brown, but lighter in certain lights, more particularly the femora. Posterior legs the longest, but not thickened: femora with dorsal and ventral bristles, the former short and extending the full length of the femora, the latter longer and occupying the proximal three-quarters only; tibiae slightly thickened distally and clothed with a dense vestiture of short bristle-like hairs, while ventrally is a long pre-apical bristle and dorsally a double row of 4 long bristles with numerous shorter ones; metatarsi about three times as long as the following joint, and bearing a double row of longer bristles and a pre-apical, upright slightly curved bristle on each of the other joints. Middle legs short: femora swollen, narrowing distally, and constricted at the articulation with the coxae; the dorsal bristles short, the ventral on the proximal half a little longer, and those on distal half nearly straight and much larger, with smaller ones interspersed; tibiae of a uniform thickness, slightly curved and angulated at the knee, but not with a dense vestiture; ventrally on the distal two-thirds is a double row of short but strong bristles, becoming smaller apically, and dorsally a pair of very long spines, one proximal, the other central; there are no apical bristles, but the lower corner is slightly produced tooth-like; tarsi shortened, the vestiture of brownish hairs with longer bristles like those of the posterior tarsi, but the apical spines are short, the metatarsi not quite twice as long as the following joint. Anterior legs: femora club-shaped, tapering distally, with long bristles on the ventral distal half only; tibiae slender, of a uniform thickness, with 3 long dorsal spines and a 4th very long proximal one; tarsi slender, the metatarsi elongate, about three times as long as the following joint, and with a vestiture similar to that of the middle tarsi; anterior coxae not greatly elongated.
Abdomen elongate, linear, and brownish-black, but greyish on the sides of the base, not ventrally dilated, and with a few white hairs on the sides, longer on the 1st segment; on the anterior margin of each segment is a row of spots (sometimes hidden by the overlapping of the preceding segment), and a pair of discal ones on each side, the anterior spot being nearer the lateral margin. Hypopygium prominent, in profile (fig. 13) the upper portion, roughly speaking, cone-shaped, from the upper side of which projects a curved knobbed hairy structure with a pre-apical posterior tubercle, the lower portion being a massive shiny-black chitinous claw strongly upturned towards the apex; from above is a pair of massive claws, one opposed to the other (fig. 14) (between the bases of which arises the knobbed structure), the inner edge of each bearing short strong spines, the inter vening space being occupied by the lower claw, which is apparently

spatulate at the tip; the lower claw excepted, the hypopygium is dull and bristly with a few long hairs.
I have a specimen, which I take to be a female, differing from the male in the broad (and shrivelled) pointed abdomen and in the greater length of the wing.
♂ Length, 6 ½ mm.; wing, 5 ½ mm.
♀. Length, 4(?) mm.; wing, 6 mm.
Hab.—Common on the sea-beach near Adele Island, Tasman Bay, January, 1912.
Bio.—This fly darts hither and thither over the surface of still pools, and occasionally jumps into the air. Usually there are a number together

