Aciphylla Dobsoni Hook. f.

South Island: Otago—Mount Jones, near Lake Hawea, on rock at summit. B. Seth-Smith!

Agrostis muscosa T. Kirk.

South Island: (1.) Marlborough—Awatere Valley; Foweraker and L. C. (2.) Nelson—Steppe of Tarndale Moraine; Foweraker and L. C.

Alsophila Colensoi Hook. f.

South Island: Southland—Takitimu Mountains. L. C.

Anisotome carnosula (Hook, f.) Cockayne and Laing.

South Island: Marlborough — Shingly Range, Awatere, at 1,200 m. altitude. Foweraker and L. C.

Astelia montana (T. Bark) Cockayne.

South Island: Southland—Common in lowland Danthonia Raoulii steppe L. C.

Carex Muelleri Petrie.

South Island: Marlborough—Awatere Valley. Foweraker and L. C.

Celmisia coriacea Hook, f. var. stricta Cockayne var. nov.

Caules multiramosi, folia typo rigidiora supra valde argentea basim versus sensim angustata.

South Island: Southland—Forming at and above 900 m. altitude continuous silvery masses on the hill-sides, which extend as far as the eye can see, and give a distinctive colour to the slopes even at a considerable distance. Takitimu Mountains. L. C.

This variety branches more than the type, so that one plant may consist of more than thirteen rosettes, each 62 cm. high, and the whole 1.9 m. in diameter. The leaves are narrower and more rigid than those of the type, extremely silvery on the upper surface, the margins strongly recurved, and the lamina gradually tapers above in a long acute apex and below into the comparatively narrow petiole. The silvery pellicle of the upper leaf-surface of C. coriacea decreases considerably in plants grown under lowland-garden conditions, but, so far as plants in cultivation with me go, those of this variety still remain much more silvery than those from the Hanmer mountains, both being planted at about the same time. The typical form of C. coriacea is present in the wetter mountains to the west of the Takitimus, so the distribution of the two forms is analogous with that of Gaya ribifolia and G. Lyallii (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 44, p. 38; 1912).

Celmisia Haastii Hook. f.

South Island: (1.) Canterbury—Fellfield near summit of Mount Oxford; J. E. Holloway! (2.) Otago—Summit of Mount Jones, near Lake Hawea; B. Seth-Smith!

Celmisia lanceolata Cockayne.

South Island: Southland—Near summit of the Hump. J. Crosby Smith!

Celmisia Lyallii Hook. f.

South Island: Canterbury—Fellfield of Mount Oxford. J. E. Hollo-way!

Celmisia Mackaui Raoul.

South Island: Canterbury—Hills at the back of Akaroa, on rocks at or near summits; also on rock at 210 m. altitude, and on cliff at Fisherman's Bay at sea-level. A. Gray!

These habitats are given not because they are new, strictly speaking, but because the species had not been noted for many years, nor was any published account available of its life-conditions. Mr. A. Gray, B.A., to whom I am much indebted for the trouble he has taken, writes me as follows: “It is seldom met with except in places quite inaccessible to stock. The only exception I have noticed is when it was growing in a very wet place amongst flax, &c., at the head of Stone Bay. In the swamp it was a much bigger plant than when found in the crevices of the rocks.”

Celmisia mollis Cockayne.

This plant was noted in my plant-habitat paper No. VII as collected by Mr. W. Willcox on “mountains near Hanmer.” This year I found several specimens in the same district on Mount Charon, and growing in company with C. spectabilis and C. Traversii. I have already (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 44, p. 31) suggested a hybrid origin for the plant, and the above occurrence is very suggestive in this regard. The type plant from Arthur's Pass would, however, be of different, though ecologically similar, parentage —viz., C. spectabilis x C. petiolata. The Mount Charon plant is growing well in my garden.

Celmisia Monroi Hook, f.

South Island: (1.) Marlborough—On rock, Upper Awatere Valley; Foweraker and L. C. (2.) Nelson—Tarndale Mountain and St. Arnaud Mountains; Foweraker and L. C.

This species has much narrower and somewhat thinner leaves than C. coriacea, but they vary considerably in breadth, the narrowest noted being 10 mm. broad by 22.5 cm. long. Perhaps-18 mm. would be the average breadth. On Mount Fyffe I noted what may be the same species, but the leaves were extremely thin. I am of opinion that the Mount Cook plants included in his description of the species by Cheeseman (Manual, p. 313) and recently described by Petrie under the name C. Boweana (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 44, p. 182) do not belong to C. Monroi.

Celmisia spectabilis Hook, f.

South Island: Canterbury—Mount Oxford. J. E. Holloway!

Clematis afoliata Buchanan.

South Island: Marlborough—Awatere Valley, in montane belt. Foweraker and L.C.

Clematis marata J. B. Armstrong.

South Island: Marlborough—Robinson Creek, Inland Kaikoura Mountains, at 1,000m. altitude. Foweraker and L. C.

Convolvulus fracto-saxosa Petrie sp. nov.

South Island: Marlborough—Shingle-slip on Inland Kaikoura Mountains. Foweraker and L. C.

Coprosma Banksii Petrie.

South Island: Southland—Nothofagus Menziesii forest, Takitimu Mountains. L. C.

Coprosma Colensoi Hook, f.

South Island: Southland — Nothofagus Menziesii forest, Takitimu Mountains. L. C.

Coprosma microcarpa Hook. f.

South Island: Marlborough—Nothofagus clifortioides forest, Awatere Valley. Foweraker and L. C.

Coprosma rugosa Cheesem.

South Island: Southland—Subalpine scrub, Takitimu Mountains. L. C.

The scrub occurs only in patches. The chief species are: Coprosma rugosa, C. parviflora, C. ciliata, C. cuneata, Aristotelia fruticosa, Nothopanax Colensoi, Cassinia Vauvilliersii, Phormium Cookianum, Aciphylla Colensoi (a form approaching A. maxima), and Polystichum vestitum.

Cotula (filiformis Hook, f.) ?

South Island: Nelson—Dry ground amongst Leptospermum scoparium, vicinity of Hanmer Plains. C. Christensen!

C. filiformis has not been recorded, except in Armstrong's list of Canterbury plants, since its original discovery some fifty years ago. I am not at all sure of my identification, but am sending a specimen to Kew.

Cotula maniototo Petrie.

South Island: Canterbury—River-bed of Waimakariri, in wet muddy ground, at only a few metres above sea-level. H. Firman and L. C.

Cheeseman (Manual, p. 354), gives only seven localities for this species, but he remarks that it is probably common throughout the South Island.

Danthonia australis Buchanan.

South Island: Nelson—Mount Charon (Hanmer), near summit. L. C.

The distribution of this remarkable grass is in harmony with the climate, it being a dominant plant on mountains within the range of the western rainfall, but quite wanting to the east. The above habitat shows its reduction almost to vanishing-point.

Dracophyllum uniflorum Hook, f.

South Island: Southland—Takitimu Mountains. L. C.

Drapetes villosa Berggren var. multicaulis Cheesem.

South Island: Canterbury—Mount Oxford. J. E. Holloway !

Epilobium brevipes Hook. f.

South Island: Nelson—On rock-faces in Wairau Valley, above the gorge, and at 1,200 m. elevation, St. Arnaud Mountains. Foweraker and L. C.

Epilobium rostratum Cheesem. var. pubens Petrie' var. nov.

South Island: Marlborough—On dry ground, Upper Awatere Valley. Foweraker and L. C.

Exocarpus Bidwillii Hook. f.

South Island: Canterbury—Mount Oxford. J. E. Holloway !

Gaultheria depressa Hook. f.

South Island: Southland—Lowland Danthonia Raoulii steppe. L. C.

Gaya Lyallii (Hook, f.) J. E. Baker.

South Island: Southland—Takitimu Mountains. L. C.

Gaya ribifolia (F. v. Muell.) Cockayne.

South Island: (1.) Marlborough — Shingly Range, the Inland Kaikouras, &c.; Foweraker and L. C. (2.) Nelson—Tarndale; Foweraker and L. C.

The epharmonic distribution of the two species of Gaya is admirably illustrated in the Wairau Valley. Proceeding from Tarndale to the Rainbow, at first, and for a considerable distance, there is only G. ribifolia, but quite suddenly, as the wetter district is gained, G. Lyallii is alone encountered.

Gnaphalium paludosum Petrie.

South Island: Marlborough—Bogs and wet ground, Upper Awatere Valley. Foweraker and L. C.

Gypsophila tubulosa Boiss.

South Island: Nelson — Neighbourhood of Hanmer Plain, on bare ground of Leptospermum heath. C. Christensen !

This species has generally been considered indigenous, but I cannot help thinking it is an introduced plant, since it has never been found in really virgin country, but always in places where sheep graze. Cheeseman, however (Manual, p. 62), considers it truly indigenous, and his opinion must carry great weight.

Helichrysum coralloides (Hook, f.) Benth. & Hook. f.

South Island: (1.) Marlborough—Shingly Range, Awatere, at 1,500 m. altitude; Foweraker and L. C. (2.) Nelson—Tarndale Mountain and Wairau Gorge; Foweraker and L. C.

H. coralloides is a much more common plant than was imagined. It probably occurs on all the higher dry mountains of Marlborough. H. Selago is much more closely related to this species than it is to H. microphyllum, a plant with quite slender branches, and which blooms at a different season of the year. The latter also grows upon the ground as well as upon rocks, in which case, as in subalpine scrub on Shingly Range, it forms an erect shrub 80 cm. tall.

Helichrysum depressum (Hook, f.) Benth. & Hook. f.

South Island: Marlborough—Seaward Kaikoura Mountains. L. C.

Helichrysum Selago (Hook, f.) Benth. & Hook. f.

South Island: Southland — On rock-face, Takitimu Mountains, at about 900 m. altitude. L. C.

If the name H. microphyllum (see plate 35A in the “Flora Novae-Zelandiae”) is to be kept for the slender-stemmed late-blooming plant, then the stouter-stemmed plant mentioned by Hooker, and included by him (Handbook, p. 146) and by Cheeseman also (Manual, pp. 342–43) in their descriptions of H. microphyllum, must be removed to H. Selago, which will need splitting up into varieties, if not species. For instance, the Wairau Gorge plant has the leaves so hidden by white wool as to be mere shining tubercles, as in H. coralloides. But in the case of a plant common on the Hanmer Mountains the wool is hardly visible with the naked eye, the leaves

are in more series, and more closely imbricating than m H. Selago as described; also, they are acute, and without the keel on the outer (under) surface. Another Hanmer plant has the wool as usual, but the leaves are strongly acute, almost apiculate, not obtuse or subacute as in Cheeseman's description. Mr. Christensen first called my attention to these two plants as distinct, and I am in hopes that he will bring evidence as to their constancy, or the contrary. Again, the plant from near Cape Saunders (Otago) has stems, &c., of an equal diameter to those of H. coralloides. H. microphyllum as I limit it, and as Hooker first described it from Bidwill's specimens from one locality, is a common Marlborough plant; the leaves are much smaller than those of H. Selago, keeled, obtuse to almost subacute, and embedded in white wool; the flower-heads also are much smaller.

Helichrysum Sinclairii Hook. f.

South Island: Marlborough—Base of Shingly Range. Foweraker and L. C.

This had not been seen since the original discovery by Sinclair more than fifty years ago. Dr. Stapf, F.R.S., kindly compared our specimens with the type at Kew, and reported that they matched in all essentials. The plant, however, is much taller and more striking than the height given by Hooker (2–4 m.) would lead one to suppose. In fact, it is a suffruticose dense bush some 56 cm. tall and 58 cm. through. The stems are woody and decumbent at first, but are finally erect and suffruticose. The erect stems are straight, leafy, and put forth short lateral branches. The leaves are soft, and covered with white tomentum on both surfaces. When in flower the plant is distinctly handsome, and it should be easy of cultivation and excellent for the rock-garden.

Hymenanthera dentata R. Br. var. alpina T. Kirk.

South Island: Southland—On rock, at 900 m., Takitimu Mountains. L. C.

Petrie is of opinion that the examples of the above from Central Otago, &c., are merely epharmonic forms of the coastal H. crassifolia Hook f., and there is much in favour of this view. Culture experiments could easily solve the point, especially raising both from seed under the same conditions.

Hymenanthera dentata R. Br. var. angustifolia.

South Island: Southland—Bank of Makarewa River, Southland Plain. Crosby Smith and L. C.

Leptocarpus simplex A. Rich.

South Island: Southland—Gravelly shores of Lakes Manapouri and Te Anau. Crosby Smith and L. C.

This is a remarkable station for a coastal halophyte.

Leucogenes grandiceps (Hook. f.) Beauverd.

South Island: Canterbury—Summit of Mount Oxford. J. E. Holloway!

Linum monogynum Forst. f.

South Island: Marlborough—In company with Olearia insignis, Veronica Hulkeana, Angelica Gingidium, Phormium Cookianum, and Discaria toumatou, on dry cliff-faces, Awatere Valley, up to 600 m. altitude. Foweraker and L. C.

Lobelia Roughii Hook. f.

South Island: Marlborough—Shingle-slips of Shingly Range. Foweraker and L. C.

Although this has not been recorded from many localities, it is almost certain to be found on all dry mountains where there are extensive shingleslips.

Mazus radicans (Hook, f.) Cheesem.

South Island: Southland—Riverton flats, near the sea. J. Crosby Smith!

Generally a mountain plant, but descends to sea-level in Westland.

Muehlenbeckia ephedroides Hook. f.

South Island: Marlborough—Awatere Valley. Foweraker and L. C.

Myoporum laetum Forst. f.

South Island: Marlborough—Awatere Valley, at 26 km. from the sea. Foweraker and L. C.

Myosotis Cockayniana Petrie sp. nov. For description see p. 269 in this volume.

South Island: Marlborough—On shingle-slip, Shingly Range, Awatere. Foweraker and L. C.

Nothopanax Colensoi (Hook. f.) Seem.

South Island: Canterbury—Subalpine scrub of Mount Sinclair, Banks Peninsula. R. M. Laing; L. C.

Olearia coriacea T. Kirk.

South Island: Nelson—Side of creek near bridle-track to Jack's Pass. C. Christensen!

The leaves are flat, and not curved like a saddle, as described by me previously (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 38, p. 370). I collected a similar form this year at about 600 m. altitude on Mount Fyffe. It was affected with a gall.

Olearia ilicifolia Hook. f.

South Island: Canterbury—Subalpine scrub of Mount Sinclair, Banks Peninsula. R. M. Laing; L. C.

Olearia moschata Hook. f.

South Island: Southland—Takitimu Mountains, at 900 m. altitude. L. C.

Oreobolus pectinatus Hook. f.

South Island: Southland—Lowland Danthonia Raoulii steppe near Waimahaka. L. C.

Oreostylidium subulatum (Hook. f.) Berggren.

South Island: Southland—Common in bogs in the Aparima and Mararoa Valleys. Crosby Smith and L. C.

Ourisia macrophylla Hook.

South Island: Marlborough — Mount Fyffe, Seaward Kaikoura Mountains, at 600 m. altitude. L. C.

This quite matches the North Island plant.

Pimelea sericeo-villosa Hook. f.

South Island: Marlborough—Shingly Range, and near Molesworth, Awatere Valley. Foweraker and L. C.

Podocarpus Hallii T. Kirk.

South Island: Canterbury—Subalpine forest of Mount Sinclair, Banks Peninsula. L. C.

Probably originally comprising most of the high forest of that district.

Ranunculus Cheesemanii T. Kirk.

South Island: Marlborough—Common in shallow streams, Upper Awatere Valley. Foweraker and L. C.

This seems to me a quite well-marked species. It is everywhere in slowly running water in the Acheron Valley, &c., and apparently is most invariable in its characters. (For contrary opinion see Laing, Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 44, p. 70, 1912.)

Ranunculus chordorhizos Hook. f.

South Island: Marlborough—Shingle-slip on Shingly Range. Foweraker and L. C.

Previously recorded only from five localities. If my identification is correct, this extends the range very considerably to the north.

Ranunculus Enysii T. Kirk.

South Island: Canterbury—Mount Oxford. J. A. Holloway!

Ranunculus Godleyanus Hook. f.

South Island: Westland—Mount Moltke, south of Franz Josef Glacier. B. E. Baughan.

Raoulia cinerea Petrie sp. nov. For description see p. 269 in this volume.

South Island: Marlborough—Shingly Range, on shingle-slip. Foweraker and L. C.

Raoulia glabra Hook. f.

South Island: Southland—Lowland Danthonia Raoulii steppe near Waimahaka. L. C.

Raoulia grandiflora Hook. f.

South Island: Canterbury—Mount Oxford, near summit. J. E. Holloway!

Raoulia Haastii Hook. f.

South Island: Southland—Mararoa River bed. Crosby Smith and L. C.

Schizeilema nitens (Petrie) Domin.

South Island: Marlborough—Shallow streams in Upper Awatere Valley. Foweraker and L. C.

Celmisia verbascifolia Hook. f.

This is C. Brownii Chapman. The eastern plant referred to

C. verbascifolia by Kirk and others is an unnamed species.

Chrysobactron Hookeri Colenso.

Claytonia australasica Hook. f.

Coprosma ciliata Hook. f.

— cuneata Hook. f.

— foetidissima Forst. f.

— parviflora Hook. f.

— ramulosa Petrie.

— repens Hook. f.

— serrulata Hook. f.

Coriaria angustissima Hook. f.

— thymifolia Humb. & Bonp.

— ruscifolia L.

Cotula squalida Hook. f.

Craspedia robusta (Hook. f.) Cockayne sp. nov. = C. uniflora Forst. f. var. robusta Hook. f. as defined in Man. N.Z. Flora, p. 348.

Unfortunately, I did not secure a specimen, but merely noted it as above, so am not certain as to identification.

Danthonia crassiuscula T. Kirk.

— Cunninghamii Hook. f.

— semiannularis R. Br.

Donatia novae-zelandiae Hook. f.

Dracophyllum longifolium (Forst. f.) R. Br.

— sp.

Apparently related to D. Pearsoni T. Kirk.

Drimys colorata Raoul.

Drosera arcturi Hook.

— stenopetala Hook. f.

Epilobium arcuatum Petrie sp. nov.

For description see p. 265 in this volume. Cultivated plants bloomed in my garden by end of November when in sun and by 15th December in shade. Seeds are ripe about three weeks after flowering.

— chloraefolium Hausskn.

— glabellum Forst. f.

— insulare Hausskn.

— pedunculare A. Cunn.

Erechtites glabrescens T. Kirk.

Forstera sedifolia L. f. var. oculata Cheesem.

— tenella Hook. f.

Fuchsia excorticata Forst. f.

Gaultheria depressa Hook. f.

Gaya Lyallii (Hook. f.) J. E. Baker.

Geranium microphyllum Hook. f.

Geum parviflorum Sm.

Griselinia littoralis Raoul.

Gunnera albocarpa (T. Kirk) Cockayne.

Helichrysum bellidioides Hook. f.

Hierochloe redolens R. Br.

Hymenanthera dentata R. Br. var. alpina T. Kirk.

Hymenophyllum multifidum Swz.