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Art. XXXIV.—Notes of a Botanical Excursion to Northern Portion of the Eyre Mountains.
[Read before the Otago Institute, 3rd December, 1912.]
General.
In the company of Mr. James Speden, of Gore, I spent two days on the mountain west of Lake Wakatipu during the Easter holidays of 1912. We left Queenstown by oil-launch at 8 a.m. on the 8th April, arriving at Table Bay about 9 a.m. We journeyed thence about eight or nine miles up the valley to a hut, at about 2,800 ft. elevation, belonging to the proprietor of the Walter Peak Station. This we made our headquarters, and made excursions to the mountain-tops round us, reaching a height of about 5,600 ft. on the southern side of Mount Walter, returning to Queenstown across the lake on the evening of the 9th.
As no list of the plants of this locality has, so far as I am aware, been hitherto published, a note of those collected by us may be of interest. Among the plants noted was Aciphylla Spedeni Cheeseman n. sp. (ante, p. 93), which is now shown to extend from the Symmetry Peaks, where the writer found it in 1910, to Cecil Peak, where Mr. Speden found it a few months ago, and to Walter Peak.
I append a list of the plants observed, which totalled 177 species, spread over ninety-two genera and forty-one orders.
Pteridophyta.
Hymenophyllaceae.
Hymenophyllum tunbridgense (L.) Smith. Subalpine rocks.
Polypodiaceae.
Polystichun vestitum (Forst. f.) Presl. Lowland and mountain meadow.
— cystostegia Hook. f. Alpine meadow and among rocks.
Blechnum penna marina (Porr.) Kuhn. Lowland and alpine meadow.
— capense (L.) Schlecht. Lowland meadow and rocks.
— fiuviatile (R. Br.) Lowe. Lowland meadow.
Hypolepis lenuifolia (Forst. f.) Berni. Lowland meadow.
Pteridium esculentum (Forst. f.) Cockayne. Lowland meadow, abundant.
Polypodium Billardieri (Willd.) C. Chr. Epiphytic on rocks at 3,500 ft.
Cheilanthes Sieberi Kunze. Lowland sunny faces, lake-side.
Lycopodiaceae.
Lycopodium Selago L. Alpine rocks.
— fastigiatum R. Br. Mountain meadow.
— volubile Forst. Among scrub.
— scariosum Forst. Subalpine heath.
Spermophyta.
Taxcaceae.
Podocarpus nivalis Hook. Alpine scrub up to 3,000 ft.
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Gramineae.
Danthonia Cunninghami Hook. f. Cliffs.
— Raoulii Steud. Lowland meadow.
— flavescens Hook. f. Mountain meadow.
— crassiuscula Kirk. Mountain meadow.
Arundo conspicua Forst, f. Damp ground.
Poa caespitosa Forst, f. Common, lowland meadow.
— Colensoi Hook, f. Common, subalpine meadow.
Festuca nibra L. var. novae-zealandiae. Subalpine meadow.
Agropyron scabrum Beauv. Alpine meadow.
Cyperaceae.
Carpha alpina R. Br. Alpine swamp.
Oreobolus pectinatus Hook, f. Mountain meadow.
Carex ternaria Forst, f. Swampy places.
Juncaceae.
Juncus novae-zealandiae Hook, f. Alpine swamp.
Luzula campestris D. C. Subalpine meadow.
Liliaceae.
Bulbinella Hookeri Benth. & Hook. Lowland swamp.
Cordyline australis (Forst, f.) Hook, f. Heath, plentiful.
Phormium Cookianum Le Jolis. Heath, plentiful.
Astelia nervosa Banks & Sol. Creek-bank, in scrub.
Astelia montana (Kirk) Cockayne. Open places.
Orchidaceae.
Pterostylis Banksii R. Br. In beech forest.
Cupuliferae.
Nothofagus fusca Oerst. Beech forest.
— Solandri Oerst. Beech forest.
— cliffortioides Oerst. Beech forest.
Polygoniaceae.
Muehlenbeckia complexa (A. Cunn.) Meissn. Subalpine scrub.
— axillaris Walp. Subalpine meadow.
Portulaceae.
Claytonia australasica Hook, f. Subalpine meadow.
Hectorella caespitosa Hook, f. Subalpine meadow.
Caryophyllaceae.
Colobanthus brevisepalus Kirk. Mountain meadow.
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Transactions
Ranunculaceae.
Clematis foetida Raoul. Subalpine heath and rocks.
Ranunculus lappaceus Smith. Common.
— tenuicaulis Cheeseman. Creek-banks.
— Haastii Hook. f. Shingle-slips.
— Buchanani Hook. f. On rocks at 5,000 ft.
Caltha novae-zealandiae Hook. f. Alpine meadow.
Crucifarae.
Cardamine fastigiata Hook. f. Subalpine rocks.
Malvaceae.
Gaya Lyallii J. E. Baker. Creek-bank.
Saxifragaceae.
Carpodetus serratus Forst. Creek-bank, 2,000 ft.
Pittosporaceae.
Pittosporum Buchanani Hook. f. Lowland scrub.
Rosaceae.
Rubus australis Forst. Creek-bank, 2,000 ft.
— cissoides A. Cunn. Creek-bank, 2,000 ft.
Geum parviflorum Smith. Damp places, subalpine rocks.
— uniflorum Buch. Alpine meadow.
Acaena Sanguisorbae Vahl. Plentiful.
—— var. pilosa Kirk. Plentiful, subalpine meadow.
— microphylla Hook. f. Lowland meadow.
Geraniaceae.
Oxalis magellanica Forst. Abundant in alpine meadow.
Geranium microphyllum Hook. f. Lowland meadow.
— sessiliflorum Cav. Lowland meadow.
Coriariaceae.
Coriaria ruscifolia L. Lowland heath.
— angustissima. Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
Leguminosae.
Sophora tetraptera J. Mull. Creek-bank.
Corallospartium crassicaule Armstrong. Creek-bank, abundant.
Elaeocarpaceae.
Aristotelia racemosa (A. Cunn.) Hook. f. Lowland scrub.
— fruticosa Hook. f. Lowland scrub.
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Violaceae.
Viola filicaulis Hook, f. Throughout.
— Cunninghami Hook. f. Throughout.
Hymenanthera dentata R. Br. var. alpina Kirk. Subalpine, dry places.
Thymelaeaceae.
Pimelia laevigata Gaertn. Subalpine meadow.
Drapetes Dieffenbachii Hook. Subalpine meadow.
— Lyallii Hook. f. Subalpine meadow.
Myrtaceae.
Leptospermum scoparium Forst. Lowland heath.
Onagraceae.
Epilobium pictum Petrie. Lowland meadow.
— chloraefolium Haussk. Subalpine heath.
Fuchsia excorticata L. f. Lowland scrub.
Araliaceae.
Nothopanax Colensoi Hook. f. Lowland scrub.
Pseudopanax crassifolium (Sol.) C. Koch. Lowland scrub.
Umbelliferae.
Hydocotyle novae-zealandiae D. C. Damp places.
Schizeleima Haasti Benth. & Hook. f. Wet rocks, 3,000 ft.
— hydrocotylioides Benth. & Hook. f. Wet rocks, 3,000 ft.
Aiphylla Colensoi Hook. f. Abundant, subalpine.
— Munroi Hook. f. Alpine rocks, shingle-slips.
— Spedeni Cheeseman n. sp. (ante, p. 93). Alpine rocks, shingle-slips.
Anisotome brevistyle Hook. f. Alpine rocks.
— piliferum Hook. f. Alpine rocks.
— aromaticum Hook. f. Subalpine meadow.
Angelica Gingidium Hook. f. Damp rocks.
Cornaceae.
Griselinia littoralis Raoul. Lowland scrub.
Ericaceae.
Gaultheria antipoda Forst. f. var. depressa Hook. f. Subalpine meadow.
—— var. erecta Cheeseman. Subalpine scrub.
— rupestris R. Br. Subalpine scrub.
Styphelia Fraseri (A. Cunn.) F. Muell. Subalpine heath.
Dracophyllum Urvilleanum A. Rich. Subalpine heath.
— longifolium (Forst. f.) R. Br. Subalpine heath.
— prostratum T. Kirk. Subalpine heath.
Epacridaceae.
Pentachondra pumila (Forst. f.). Subalpine heath.
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Myrsinaceae.
Suttonia nummularia Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
— divaricata A. Cunn. Creek-bank.
Gentianaceae.
Gentiana corymbifera T. Kirk. Subalpine meadow
— bellidifolia (f) Hook. f. Subalpine meadow.
Convolvulaceae.
Dichondra repens Forst. Lake-side.
Boraginaceae.
Myosotis macrantha Hook. f. Rocks, at 3,000 ft.
— pulvinaris Hook. f. Alpine meadow, above 5,000 ft.
Scrophulariaceae.
Veronica salicifolia Forst. f. Heath, common.
— buxifolia Bentham. Heath, common.
— propinqua Cheeseman. Heath. common.
— Thomsoni Cheeseman. Alpine meadow.
— subalpina Cockayne. Subalpine heath.
— monticola Armst. Subalpine heath.
— linifolia Hook. f. Damp rocks, at 3,000 ft.
— Lyallii Hook. f. Damp rocks, common.
— Buchanani Hook, f. Rocks, at 5,000 ft.
— Bidwilli Hook. Damp rocks.
Ourisia caespitosa Hook. f. Subalpine meadow.
— glandulosa Hook, f. Subalpine meadow.
Euphrasia zealandica Wettst. Mountain meadow.
Rubiaceae.
Coprosma rugosa Cheeseman. Heath.
— propinqua A. Cunn. Lowland heath.
— ramulosa Petrie. Lowland heath.
— serrulata Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
— paroiflora Hook. f. Lowland heath.
— repens Hook. f. Subalpine meadow.
Galium umbrosum Sol. Lowland meadow.
Campanulaceae.
Pratia angulata (Forst. f.) Hook. f. Damp situations.
Wahlenbergia gracilis (Forst. f.) A. D. C. Lake-side.
— saxicola A. D. C. Plentiful.
Lobelia linnaeoides Petrie. Alpine meadow.
Stylidiaceae.
Phyllachne clavigera (Hook. f.) F. Muell. Alpine meadow.
Donatia novae-zealandiae Hook. f. Alpine meadow.
Oreostylidium subulatum (Hook. f.) Berggr. Alpine meadow.
Forstera sedifolia L. f. Wet rocks.
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Compositae.
Abrotanella inconspicua Hook. f. Mountain meadow.
Lagenophora pumila Forst. f. Lowland heath.
— petiolata Hook. f. Lowland heath.
Brachycome Sinclairii Hook. f. Subalpin meadow.
Olearia virgata Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
— moschata Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
— nummularifolia Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
—— var. cymbifolia Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
— avicenniaefolia (Raoul) Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
— nitida Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
Celmisia Walkeri T. Kirk. Subalpine. dry rocks.
— ramulosa Hook. f. Subalpine, dry rocks.
— prorepens Petrie. Rocks on creek-bank, at 3,000 ft.
— discolor Hook. f. Subalpine meadow, to 4,500 ft.
— incana Hook. f. Subalpine meadow.
— Sinclairii Hook. f. Subalpine meadow, at 4,500 ft.
— petiolata Hook. f. Creek-bank, from 2,500 ft.
— spectabilis (f) Hook. f. Dry rocks, at 3,550 ft.
— Haastii (f)* Hook. f. Alpine meadow.
— verbascifolia Hook. f. Creek-bank, 3,000 ft.
— Lyallii Hook. f. Damp alpine meadow.
— longifolia Cass. Throughout.
—— var. alpina Kirk. Wet alpine meadow, above 3,750 ft.
— Hectori Hook. f. Abundant above 3,750 ft.
— sessiliflora Hook. f. Common, subalpine meadow, from 4,500 ft. upwards.
— bellidioides Hook. f. Wet rocks, common.
—— var. Dry rocks.
Gnaphalium trinerve Forst. f. Lowland meadow.
— luteo-album L. Lowland meadow.
— paludosum Petrie. Wet subalpine meadow.
— Traversii Hook. f. Wet subalpine meadow.
Raoulia glabra Hook. f. Common.
— australis Hook. f. Common.
— grandiflora Hook. f. Alpine meadow.
Helichrysum bellidioides (Forst. f.) Willd. Subalpine meadow.
— filicaule Hook. f. Meadow.
— Selago Benth. & Hook. f. Dry rocks, common.
— glomeratum Benth. & Hook. f. Creek-bank, at 2,000 ft.
Cassinia Vauvilliersii Hook. f. Subalpine heath.
Craspedia uniflora Forst. f. var. robusta Hook. f. Damp alpine meadow.
Cotula pectinata Hook. f. Alpine meadow.
Semecio bellidioides Hook. f. Common on creek-banks.
— Lyallii Hook. f. Common on wet rocks.
— cassinioides Hook. f. Subalpine heath, common.
— revolutus Kirk. Subalpine heath, common.
[Footnote] * Probably an undescribed species.