
(1) (2) The Salt Marsh and the Salt Meadow.
These are developed at the head of the tidal flats, and are well seen at Teddington in Lyttelton Harbour, also on the Sumner Estuary and in a few other places on the peninsula. At Lake Ellesmere there are vast extents of brackish marsh and meadow; but these scarcely come within the scope of this paper. Though some of the species occurring in the portion of the lake adjacent to Kaituna have been listed, no attempt has been made to explore the lake and its borders as a whole. It would undoubtedly form an interesting field for the botanist, and one as yet

imperfectly known. The conditions there are somewhat unusual in New Zealand. However, the ordinary salt marsh and meadow of the Banks Peninsula district do not differ much from those found in adjacent parts of New Zealand, and they have already been described for the Sumner Estuary by Mrs. Jennings (Miss B. D. Cross).* At Teddington the association is very similar to that at Heathcote, except that I have seen neither Carex litorosa nor Scirpus maritimus there, though Scirpus maritimus occurs at Ohinitahi, at the head of the bay The first plant to be met with in coming in from the seaward is Salicornia australis, in dense cushions, with a small grass (Atropis stricta) growing through the cushions. At a level several inches higher appear Samolus repens and Selliera radicans, followed by the seaside form of Cotula dioica. By the side of the tidal guts are Juncus martimus and Leptocarpus simplex, the latter in comparatively small quantity. The only shrub present is Plagianthus divaricatus, which is plentiful on the tidal flat and close to the coastal rocks where the shallow tidal flat approaches them.
[Footnote] * Observations on some New Zealand Halophytes, Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 43, p. 545, 1911.
