Hemiptera Heteroptera from New Zealand.

By E. Bergroth, D.Sc., Ekenaes, Finland.
Communicated by J. G. Myers.

the two last joints combined, fourth shorter than third. Pronotum but little declivous, at apex a little broader than head and rather deeply biangulately sinuated, apical margin neither elevated nor levigated, its median part straight, its lateral parts oblique, touching the whole postocular part of head and posterior part of the eyes, apical angles passing posterior end of eyes, but not reaching their middle, with a very small tooth directed obliquely outwards, lateral margins moderately converging, not elevated, but broadly and slightly reflexed, almost straight from the obtuse non-prominent lateral angles to beyond middle, then rounded, basal margin in front of scutellum almost straight, in front of elytra a little oblique, not much deviating from the transverse axis of the body so that the lateral angles lie but little more forwards than the scutellar basal level. Scutellum much longer than broad, and reaching to a little beyond middle of antepenultimate dorsal segment (not counting the genital segment), almost gradually tapering from base to narrowly-rounded apex, at base scarcely narrower than head, with no distinct impression or callus at basal angles, frena reaching beyond middle of scutellum. Elytra across their greatest width a little broader than pronotum, in the brachypterous form a little longer than scutellum, slightly passing base of penultimate dorsal segment (exclusive of genital segment), corium in the brachypterous form exteriorly moderately rounded from base to beyond middle, then strongly rounded to apex of scutellum with costal and apical margins broadly rotundately confluent, exocorium broad, at the base but little narrower than somewhat before the middle, costal margin slightly reflexed at base, membrane very short, forming a narrow interiorly slightly widening strip attached to intero-apical margin of corium. Sterna sulcated in middle; metasternal orificia very small and short, not produced in a fold or furrow. Abdomen laterally evenly rounded, last female tergal segment broadly and slightly sinuate at apex, venter unarmed and not elevated at base, rather broadly and very slightly sulcated from its base to middle of fifth segment, spiracles very small, much more distant from lateral than from apical margin of the segments. Femora unarmed; tibiae sulcated above; first joint of tarsi slightly shorter than the other two taken together.

Although this genus has several characters in common with the Sciocorinae and Myrocheinae I place it provisionally in Staal's group 4 (21) of the true Pentatominae, but it is not nearly allied to any described genus. Owing to its complex affinities a very detailed description of it has been necessary. The genus is, judging from the figure, somewhat similar to Trincavellius Dist. from the Galapagos Islands, but Distant referred this genus, possibly in error, to the Discocephalinae, in which Hypsithocus can certainly not be placed.

Hynsithocus hudsonae n. sp.

Glabrous, scarcely shining, black (including rostrum and legs), outer margins of head, of prothorax, of corial basal part, and of connexivum very narrowly tawny with a tinge of olive-green, outer margins of venter narrowly greenish white; epipharynx white at base; antennae fuscous-black, apex of first three joints and base of

Fam. Tingidae.
Subfam. Cantacaderinae.
Cyperobia n. gen.

laterally and posteriorly rounded, finely areolated vesicle leaving only the small flattened postero-lateral parts of lobe free, posterior lobe much broader than anterior, its disc finely punctulate, with five keels, the three median keels subparallel, ending in the transverse impression except the central keel which traverses this impression, feebly continued over the vesicle which also shows traces of sublateral keels corresponding to outer ones of median keels of basal lobe, the outermost keel on each side of posterior lobe much weaker than the others, placed near lateral margins and subparallel to them, lateral margins of anterior lobe obliquely straight, diverging backward, those of posterior lobe rounded from base to a little beyond middle, paranota represented by a non-areolated carina. Scutellum exposed but very small, triangular, near apex raised into a tubercle. Elytra rather longly passing apex of abdomen, very minutely areolated, in discal area punctulated rather than areolated, widest a little before the middle, entirely overlapping at apex, median vein and its two branches forming the discal area strongly elevated, the oblong somewhat irregular discal area divided by two cross-veins into three cells, the foremost triangular cell the smallest, the median cell the largest of all, the anterior cross-vein transverse or almost so, the posterior oblique, radial area in its widest part almost as broad as median cell of discal area, at this place traversed by a cross-vein and posteriorly by two shorter or incomplete cross-veins, costal area biseriately areolated, near base inwardly dilated and there tri- or quadriseriate. The areolets larger than those of the other areas. Wings but little shorter than elytra. Legs slender.

The only genus to which Cyperobia is allied is the South African Astolphos Dist., and in the venation of the elytra it is very similar to it. It differs from that genus by the lozenge-shaped, laterally less rounded body, the shorter head which is armed above with four short robust spines, and the 5-carinate pronotum, the apical margin of which is very much less sinuate.

Cyperobia carectorum n. sp.

Head above dark testaceous, fuscous at base, first, second and fourth antennal joints fuscous, third testaceous, as long as head and anterior pronotal lobe together. Pronotum fuscous-black, lateral carina of anterior lobe, a stripe between sublateral and lateral carina of posterior lobe, and the anterior ends of the three discal carinae of this lobe testaceous. Scutellum black. Elytra greyish fuscous, basal part of radial area as far as to first cross-vein, costal area, and exterior basal part of sutural area testaceous, an oblong rectangular costal spot a little before middle and transverse veinlets of exterior series of costal areolets black. Body beneath fuscous-black, a spot on hinder part of propleurae, a lateral spot to ventral segments, and female genital segments testaceous. Legs testaceous, femora (except a subapical annulation) and tarsi fuscous. First cross-vein of radial area forming a continuation of anterior cross-vein of discal area, the two short posterior cross-veins emitted from the hindmost cell of discal area. The areolets of costal area quadrangular. Length, ♀ 3 m.m., incl. teg. 4 m.m.

Fam. Reduviidae.
Subfam. Ploeariinae.
Ploeariodes rubromaculatus Blackb.

or lobelct. Scutellum without a distinct spine. Metanotal spine short, whitish, horizontal. Pectus brown, meso- and metasternum with a white median keel and laterally with a similar shorter keel. Elytra passing apex of abdomen, subhyaline, spotted with grey, on each side a little before apex obtusely angular, margin straight between those points and apex, which is pointed, the straight apical vein projecting a little (very narrowly membranously margined) beyond margin of tegmen in the form of a small prickle, basal part of costal border (between radial and median vein) with oblong fuscous-grey parallel spots which are oblique at each end, inner portion of basal part (between median vein and interior margin) with smaller and lighter-grey markings, space beyond great membranal cell with larger and darker grey spots, especially along margin, but with a suboval spotless area under middle of stigma behind radial cross-vein, the great cell of the membrane with much fewer spots so that it appears lighter in hue than the rest of the elytron, at apex rostrately produced, radial cross-vein and apical part of vein closing the cell interno-apically angularly bent, bordered with fuscous-grey, costal margin with a fuscous streak in centre and an oblong blackish spot before stigma, which is pale yellowish with no dark spots. Wings subhyaline, dusky at apex. Abdomen in male rather narrow, opaque, fuscous-grey, upper basal spine directed a little backwards, ventral genital segments yellowish, the first with a dark median vitta forming a continuation of ventral blackish median line, which is distinct only in the two last segments and a little dilated at base of these segments, second genital segment emarginate at apex, dorsal genital segment rounded apically, claspers curved. Front coxae as long as pronotum, white, fuscous at apex, trochanters whitish, the rest of the legs fuscous, femora nearly as long as head and pronotum together, with a basal and two submedian annuli near each other whitish testaceous, beneath set with short hairs, tibiae with two such annuli, tarsi pale at base. Middle legs whitish, femora and tibiae each with about 8 fuscous annuli, the tibial rings disappearing toward apex which is fuscous as the tarsi. (Hind legs missing). Length, ♀ 4 m.m., incl. tegm. 4.5 m.m.

Northern Auckland, T. R. Harris.

Remarkable on account of the structure and colouring of the pronotum and the apically aculaetely projecting elytra.

Ploeariodes angulipennis n. sp.

Head dark brown with short white silvery hairs along ocular orbitae and the transverse impression, and on postocular part, where they form two or three irregular vittae above and on the sides, ante-ocular part in male a little shorter than postocular, eyes in that sex moderately large, not occupying the whole height of head, interocular space conspicuously broader than an eye, antennae in male rather sparsely set with moderately long outstanding pale hairs, fuscous, first joint reaching nearly to middle of abdomen, with six or seven annuli and apex white, second joint about as long as first, with about four indistinct pale annuli, third joint longer than pronotum (fourth lacking), rostrum greyish white, base and a postmedian ring of first joint, and more than apical half of second fuscous, first joint reaching

posterior margin of eyes. Pronotum scarcely narrower at apex than at base, brown with white tomentosity forming two rather indistinct vittae, a little constricted at base of fore-lobe, which on each side of the disc has the usual tubercle, posterior lobe about as long as broad, without a basal tubercle, basal margin whitish, sinuate in front of scutellum, lateral keel of lobe whitish, percurrent, slightly sigmoid, a little thickened anteriorly, but not forming a lobelet or spine. Scutellum with a short horizontal rather robust whitish spine, the whitish metanotal spine a little longer, semierect. Meso- and meta-pleurae with a few short whitish streaks. Elytra rather longly passing apex of abdomen, greater part of stigma lying behind it, at posterior end of stigma angularly dilated, extero-apical and opposite intero-apical margin then straight, strongly converging toward narrowly-rounded apex, basal part of elytra (before furcation of median vein) whitish with two rows of fuscous-grey spots, spots of exterior row small and narrow, those of interior row larger, rounded, divided into halves by white median vein, interior border of that part less distinctly spotted, the rest of elytra greyish brown with white veins and rather densely reticulated with white, stigma whitish without dark spots, a short narrow costal spot somewhat before stigma and an oval costal spot a little behind stigma blackish, the latter spot continued inward and forward in the form of an oblique long dark fuscous fascia almost reaching interior margin, this poststigmal spot separated from stigma by a short white space continued along the inner margin of apical half of stigma, the great membranal cell at apex shortly rostrately produced, veins closing posterior part of that cell slightly bent, apical vein straight. Abdomen (♂) narrow, somewhat clavately incrassated at apex, fuscous with a greyish bloom, a denudated dark median ventral line less distinct toward base and somewhat dilated at base of segments, an oblong spot at basal angles on ventral segments, spiracles, apical half of male ventral genital segment, and claspers yellowish white, genital segment longer than the last ventral segment, its apical margin slightly rounded. Forelegs fuscous, coxae (except apex), a ring to femora nearer to apex than to base, and two annuli to tibiae whitish, coxae as long as pronotum, femora about as long as head and pronotum together, beneath thickly set with rather short hairs and among them near base with about four fuscous spines shorter than the hairs. Hind femora passing apex of elytra, whitish with about 8 fuscous annuli which are darker and broader in apical half. (Middle legs and hind tibiae wanting). Length, ♂ 5.4 m.m., incl. tegm. 6.4 m.m.

Masterton, 26th March, 1921, H. Hamilton.

Readily distinguished by the shape and colouring of the elytra.

Mr. Myers has sent me a female Ploeariodes with the label 46a and showing the following characters: Tegmina only reaching apex of penultimate tergal segment, less angular behind the very narrow stigma, radial area of basal part fuscous with about five oblique white bars, the long oblique fuscous fascia emitted from the blackish, poststigmal spot scarcely distinct, apical margin very obtuse—angled, and fuscous spinules of fore-femora rather numerous, although lacking in apical part; other characters much as in P. angulipennis; length, 5.9 m.m. This specimen is possibly the brachypterous female of angulipennis.

Ploeariodes seorsus n. sp.

Short and robust, ferruginous, the rather broadly-raised lateral borders of anterior pronotal lobe, venter at apex or entirely, sometimes also pleurae dark fuscous, tegmina from base to fork of median vein pale testaceous with a fuscous sublateral stripe interrupted by one or two white bars, the large and broad postfurcal radial cell^* dull black with two small white flecks, membrane fuscous, a large patch adjoining to inner margin of postfurcal radial cell and extended somewhat behind it, and a large V—or Y—shaped apical marking ochreous, both the fuscous and the ochreous parts with white reticulations. Head sparsely set with very short white hairs sometimes forming two faint vittae on postocular part, basal part produced over anterior part of pronotal fore-lobe, base seen from side oblique, postocular part higher than anteocular, flattened above, its anterior and posterior margin dipping abruptly, eyes rather small in both sexs, interocular space about two times wider than an eye, (♂) or a little wider (♀), antennae bare in both sexes, comparatively short, first joint as long as head and pronotum together, pale testaceous with five or six fuscous annuli, tip somewhat curved, other joints fuscous, second one-third shorter than first, its apical half testaceous or with two or three very indistinct annuli of that colour, third conspiciously shorter than second and about as long as pronotum, fourth a little over half length, of third, rostrum testaceous, apical joint much paler. Pronotum without a basal tubercle, anterior lobe owing to position of head much shorter in middle than at sides, where it is about twice as long as posterior lobe, a little rounded laterally and a little broader than hind-lobe, the raised lateral parts with an oval ring consisting of short decumbent silvery hairs and emitting two short similar branches from its inner margin, posterior lobe about twice broader than long with rounded sides, basal margin angularly sinuate, near middle of disc with two blunt ridges a little converging posteriorly, not reaching base, but feebly continued over median part of fore-lobe and clothed with short deciduous white hairs, lateral keel whitish, percurrent, slightly sigmoid or curved, not forming a lobule or spinule at apex, posterior margin of propleura often pale. Scutellar and metanotal spine white, long and slender, directed obliquely backward. Elytra about reaching apex of abdomen, stigma fuscous, broadly testaceous at base and sometimes narrowly so at apex, the large basal cell of the membrane posteriorly rostrately produced in its interior half, radial, cross-vein somewhat curved, very long, about twice longer than the rather strongly curved apical part of interior vein. Abdomen oval, 2 ½ (♂) or nearly 3 (♀) times broader than thorax, somewhat shining, first male ventral genital segment about as long as last ventral segment, transversal, its apical margin almost straight, second genital segment shorter, sinuate at apex, claspers almost straight, reaching apex of second genital segment, clavate in their apical part. Fore-legs rufo-testaceous, coxae brown, about as long as height of postocular part of head and less than three times

longer than their own breadth, narrowing from base to apex, femora stout, slightly curved, as long as pronotum and about three times longer than broad, beneath sparsely set with short hairs and armed with some slender spines. of which the two placed nearest to base are very long, tibiae with a paler ring before infuscated apex. Middle and hind legs pale testaceous, femora and basal half of tibiae in intermediate legs with about 5, in the hind legs with about 7 narrow fuscous annuli, hind-femora passing apex of abdomen. Length, ♂ 3.3 m.m., ♀ 3.7 m.m.

Wainui State Forest, Wellington, 3rd June, 1923, J. G. M.

A highly aberrant form, not resembling any other New Zealand species, nor allied to any form described from other regions, but in spite of its many unusual characters it can hardly be separated generically. It is the only known species in which the pronotal fore-lobe is much longer than the hind-lobe. The great discal cell of the membrane is shaped quite as in the North American P. winnemana Mc At. Mall. The male genital apparatus resembles that of P. rubromaculatus Blackb., but the apical margin of the first genital segment is not notched in the middle and the second is much less deeply sinuate at apex. The postocular part of the head is constructed as in two species of another genus, the palaearctic Ploearia abrupta Noualh and Putoni Noualh.

More species of Ploeariodes can be expected to occur in New Zealand. They should be examined with a very strong lens, and a microscope is necessary to see certain characters clearly, for instance the armature of the fore-femora and the structure of the male genital segments, in some species even the distribution of the silvery hairs and the exact shape of the veins closing the great discal cell posteriorly.

Ploearia antipodum n. sp.

Apterous; blackish or fuscous, more or less ochreous on upperside of head and on nota; antennae testaceous, about apical fifth of first joint blackish with a white ring in basal half of black part, apex of second and (narrowly) of third joint white; rostrum fuscous, basal part of second and third joints yellow; fore-legs brown, coxae slightly and femora much more markedly variegated with testaceous, tibiae in the middle broadly and base of tarsi testaceous, the four posterior legs fusco-testaceous, their tibiae with a pale annulation not far from base, femora sometimes with four pale rings (one quite near base) and apex of hind femora sometimes pale. Head about as long as mesothorax, anteocular part seen from above parallel from eyes to antennae, in front of antennae somewhat produced obliquely downward, postocular part subgradually narrowed to base, seen from above very slightly constricted in middle, antennae longer than body, first joint longer than head, thorax, and scutellum taken together, second about one-fourth shorter than first, third a little shorter than head, fourth somewhat variable, at most a little longer than third, first joint of rostrum reaching middle of anteocular part of head, second somewhat longer than first, almost reaching posterior margin of eyes. Pronotum about as long as the other nota together, gradually narrowing from apex to base, at apex broader than head; mesonotum as long as metanotum and scutellum together, widened from apex

Fam. Nabididae.

with a row of very minute teeth each bearing a hair, middle femora much narrower than fore ones, anterior and intermediate tibiae straight, the spongy fossa of the anterior ones occupying a little more than their apical third. Length, ♂ ♀ 4 m.m.

Kaitaia, North Auckland, 13th May, 1923, J. G. M.

Alded to A. flavolimbatus Kirk., but smaller, with differently coloured pronotal hind-lobe, connexivum, and four anterior legs, and with shorter rostrum and pronotal fore-lobe. The genus Alloerrhynchus Fieb. is dispersed almost throughout the world, but is new to New Zealand.

Reduviolus biformis n. sp.

Dark soiled testaceous, a narrow, medially somewhat broader, percurrent central vitta of pronotum, basal half of scutellum and a median vitta of its apical half, median parts of sterna, irregular markings of pleurae, a spot at basal angle of connexival segments, the broad intraconnexival borders of venter, and a median stripe of venter (often abbreviated or interrupted toward base) blackish or fuscous; antennae, rostrum, and legs testaceous, transverse fasciolae of femora, base and apex of tibiae, and apex of tarsi fuscous, femora sometimes entirely infuscated. Head with interocular space not quite twice as broad as an eye, postocular part parallel, first joint of antennae not much thicker than second, shorter than head, second not fully twice longer than first, third a little shorter than second and longer than fourth. Pronotum impunctate, basal margin broadly and very slightly sinuate or almost straight, anterior lobe about one-half longer than posterior, transversely convex. Venter well separated from connexivum, its segments without a denudated shiny sublateral spot. Fore and middle femora beneath devoid of spines or long hairs. Length, ♀ 8.5–9 mm.

Macropterous form: Pronotum about as long as head, at sides very distinctly sinuate behind middle, at base more than three times broader than at apex, posterior lobe rather strongly declivous, forming an angle with the moderatetly declivous anterior lobe. Elytra reaching apex of abdomen, radiating veins of membrane present only between the innermost longitudinal vein and the adjacent margin.

Brachypterous form: Ocelli present, but smaller than in the macropterous form. Pronotum a little shorter than head, at sides slightly sinuate behind middle, at base twice as broad as at apex, slightly declivous in same plane, posterior lobe not more sloping and not forming an angle with anterior lobe. Elytra little more than twice the length of scutellum, without membrane; claval commissure shorter than scutellum, outer margin of corium incurved posteriorly, apical angle somewhat distant from lateral margin of abdomen, apical margin obliquely straight, forming a right angle with the apical margin of the other corium. Tergum of abdomen somewhat elevated down middle, usually more or less greyish black, a little shiny, with three dull brown vittae visible only in certain lights.

N. Auckland, T. R. Harris, Herne Bay, Auckland, 24th February, 1919, G. Howes, Henderson, Auckland, 14th February, 1922, J.G.M.; Whangarei, 18th February, 1923, J. G. M.

The elytra of the brachypterous form are not unlike those of the brachypterous form of the palaearctic R. maracandicus Reut., but outer margin of corium is less curved, apical margin is more deviating from longitudinal axis of body, and there is no membrane at all. Totally distinct from the cosmopolitan R. capsiformis Germ. (Saundersi B. White), which occurs also in New Zealand, and apparently also from R. maoricus Walk., which is unknown to me. Owing to the scant material, I have been unable to examine the alar cell. The male is still a desideratum.

Reduviolus quadripunctatus n. sp.

Above dingy ochreous, elytra paler and under-side of body darker in hue, two approximated subparallel lines on vertex, a narrow vitta running from apex of pronotum to apex of scutellum, two or three (rarely one) mesosternal vittae, tergum of abdomen, a narrow ventral vitta along inner margin of connexivum more or less extended over pleurae, a median ventral stripe, and sometimes also a sublateral line to anterior pronotal lobe dark fuscous or piceous, a small black spot on radial vein of corium a little behind its middle, a similar spot near middle of apical margin of corium, sometimes also extreme apex of clavi black, veins of membrane fuscous; antennae, rostrum, and legs testaceous, fore and middle femora with a row of often very pale brownish spots on posterior side, apex of tarsal joints fuscous. Head a little shorter than pronotum, interocular space a little over twice as broad as an eye, postocular part parallel, first joint of antennae somewhat thicker than second, as long as anteocular part of head with the eyes, second half as long again as first, third usually a little longer than second, fourth a little shorter than second. Pronotum impunctate, slightly if at all declivous in the same plane, truncate at base, lateral margins scarcely sinuate behind middle, anterior lobe nearly one-half longer than the hind-lobe, in the middle longitudinally somewhat elevated and shining from the collar to its base. Elytra more or less passing apex of abdomen in male, only reaching or almost reaching abdominal apex in female, rather narrow, not much overlapping from end of clavi to their apices, broadest a little before middle, then tapering toward their narrowly rounded apices, claval commissure more than twice as long as scutellum, the narrow membrane with few longitudinal simple veins and usually no distinct radiating veins. Wings tinged with lacteous, with a blackish dot on the slightly dilated end of hamus, which arises from vena connectens near base of vena decurrens and nearly reaches primary vein. Abdomen as broad as elytra in male, considerably broader than them in female and in this sex with connexivum (sometimes also lateral parts of tergum) uncovered, venter well separated from connexivum, its segments without a denudated lateral spot, male claspers shaped much as in the ferus-group of this genus. Legs finely and very shortly tomentose, fore and middle femora beneath without spines or long hairs, the front pair incrassated. Length, ♂ 7 m.m., incl. elytr. 8.5 m.m., ♀ 6.8–7.8 m.m.

Wellington, 9th October, 1920, J. G. M.; Longacre, Wanganui; Day's Bay, Wellington, 14th December, 1922, J. G. M.; Waikanae, 4th February, 1921; Aramoho, Wanganui, 26th December, 1923:

Fam. Henicocephalidae.
Henicocephalus Maclachlani Kirk.

In this species, of which I have seen a few specimens from two or three localities, the discal cell is open. It seems to be somewhat variable in size and in the shape of the basal lobe of the head. The elytra are shining with very conspicuous veins. The sexual differences in this species are not yet clear, and it is not impossible that two related species have been confounded under one name. To decide this, numerous and fresh specimens are needed. Specimens of this genus are occasionally found under fallen leaves, but they should be looked for at sunset, when they gather in great swarms, dancing in the air like gnats. This has been stated in many countries, and is probably a kind of nuptial flight. They are best preserved in alcohol.

Gamostolus n. gen.