Fig. 2.—The main sequences of basal Waitemata beds exposed at Waikopua.

Fig. 5.—Typical by-filling between Whakakaiwhara and Te Kowai (right centre). The barrier-beach behind which this filling has taken place is clearly seen on its seaward margin. Remnants of an earlier barrier-beach are still preserved immediately to the right of this view.

Fig. 6.—Typical wave-cut platform and cliffs (in distance) of the Waitemata sandstone terrain, western portion of Omana Beach. The well-defined terrace behind the present storm beach (foreground) is a characteristic raised beach.

Fig. 7.—Uplifted shore-platform 8 ft. to 10 ft. above high-water mark cut in greywacke at the promontory between Omana and Maraetai Beaches.

Fig. 8.—Typical raised beach deposits resting on a wave-planed surface of Pleistocene clays; eastern portion of Omana Beach. [Photo., J. A. Bartrum.

Fig. 9.—Concretions eroded from “cannon-ball” sandstone on the wavecut platform north of Buckland's Beach.

Fig. 10.—Impure limestone conformably overlying green sandstone; main outcrop, South Branch, Waikopua.

Fig. 11.—Anticline in Waitemata strata of sea-cliffs between Tamaki East Head and Eastern Beach.

Fig. 12.—Trust-fault in Waitemata strata between Eastern Beach and Mellon's Beach.

Fig. 13.—Conformable relations of Parnell Grit (shore-platform and base of cliffs) and horizontal sandstones and mudstones of Waitemata Series west of Mellon's Beach.

Fig. 14.—Typical Parnell Grit at the north end of Camp Bay. Tufaceous sandstone shows above the Grit at the top of the cliff.

Fig. 15.—Kiripaka Basin from the hills above Kiripaka scarp, looking south across the denuded greywacke floor to Waikopua divide (middle distance) and the main range of Maraetai Hills beyond. [Photo., R W Futh.

Fig. 16.—Fossil pothole in Waitemata sandstone at base of Pleistocene beds in bay east of Beachlands Wharf. [Photo, J. A Bartrum.

Fig. 17.—Material of the “30 ft. to 35 ft.” terrace at road from Clevedon to Duder's Beach. Grey muds at the base followed by greywacke conglomerate and then light-coloured pumiceous silts.

Fig. 18.—Normal fault intersecting Waitemata and Pleistocene strata near Beachlands Wharf. [Photo., J. A. Bartrum

Fig. 19.—Main crater, Mount Mangere; a small scoria-cone rises from its floor with a tiny shallow crater at its left (west) margin and another (invisible) on the right. There is a smaller, deep crater in breached rim of main cone, near the middle group of trees.

Fig. 20.—Mangere Basin, viewed from Mount Mangere, with small scoriacone as the central island. Maungataketake (A) and Otuataua (B) volcanoes in distance on right.

Fig. 21.—Scoria-cones on floor of creater of tuff-cone of Waitomokia. Otuataua rises above tuff-ring in distance on left.

Fig. 22.—Otuataua (Quarry Hill) from the south.

Fig. 23.—Pukaki Basin from the west. Its caldera is occupied by a marine swamp with its outlet in distance to the right of centre.

Fig. 24.—Panorama of Crater Hill, Papatoetoe, from north-east portion of encircling tuff cone. Swamp-filled sink in lava floor of crater at centre, with scoria-cone to left of it.

Fig. 25.—Overlooking breached eastern lip of crater of Otara to scoria mounds beyond. Part of tuff-ring behind the mounds, and Tertiary sandstone hills of Maungamaungaroa Range in the distance.

Fig. 26.—Part of scarp of Clevedon-Waikopua Fault. A small tributary of Hog Hill Stream at base of scarp is working headwards in Waitemata sandstone rendering the capture of Whyte's Creek imminent.

Fig. 27.—View looking south-east along middle section of scarp of Clevedon-Waikopua Fault.

Fig. 28.—Looking north-west near Clevedon along line of Clevedon-Waikopua Fault. Transverse scarp of Lower Wairoa Fault on right half, that of Papakura Valley Fault off-set to northwest on left half. Filling of fault-angle-depression of Papakura Valley in foreground.

Fig. 29.—Shallowly entrenched meanders of a tributary of Tamaki River near Papatoetoe.

Fig. 30.—Conical hill at debouchure of Papakura Stream (on left) from Maraetai Hills Block on to Upper Brookby Valley (distance). Small stream on right beheaded at middle distance by recession of scarp of Clevedon-Waikopua Fault.

Fig. 31.—Back-slope (distance) of tilted Hunua Range Block viewed from north-west across alluvium-filled fault-angle-depression of Papakura Valley (middle distance). Dissected scarp of Papakura Valley Fault in foreground.

Fig. 32.—Spur-facets of middle section of scarp of Kiripaka Fault. Photographed from distance of 300 yards with 4½ in. lens.

Fig. 33.—Low scarp exposed by waves at faulted contact of Pleistocene beds (shore-platform in foreground) with greywacke (in scarp) at east end of Omana Beach. Elevated beach-deposits rest on wave-planed surface of greywacke. [Photo, R. W. Firth.

Fig. 34.—Terraces at mouth of Te Puru Stream. Waihohonu Block is visible in far background. [Photo., R. W. Firth.

Fig. 35.—Coarse-grained greywacke from Trig. Station 648, Brookby Range. Ordinary light; magnification 46 diams. Quartz is sparse and weathered feldspar abundant. Grains of hornblende (h) and augite (a) are visible. [Photomicrograph by J. A. Bartrum.

Fig. 36.—Section of typical Tertiary limestone from Waikopua, with abundant foraminiferal, polyzoan and algal remains. Magnification, 10 diams. [Photomicrograph by J. A. Bartrum

Fig. 37.—Coarse-grained basic olivine basalt, Green Hill Quarry. Large idiomorphic phenocrysts of olivine appear in groundmass of augite, plagioclase and magnetite. Ordinary light; magnification, 46 diams. [Photomicrograph by J. A. Bartrum.

Fig. 38.—Fine-grained highly basic basalt from small flow on west side of Maungataketake. Note the cluster of crystals of augite around the central phenocryst of olivine. Ordinary light; magnification, 46 diams. [Photomicrograph by J. A. Bartrum.