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Volume 65, 1936
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Descriptions of New Species of New Zealand Hepatics

By Th. Herzog, Professor of Botany, Jena University.
[Communicated by G. O. K. Sainsbury.]

[Read before the Hawke's Bay branch of the Royal Society of N.Z., April 4, 1395; received by the Editor, April 20, 1935; issued separately, December, 1935.]

Introduction.

[By E. A. Hodgson.]

The taxonomic study of hepatics throughout the greater part of the world is to-day very difficult, and the present position with regard to hepaticology is quite unsatisfactory. This is largely due to the fact that Fr. Stephani published descriptions of a very great number of what he considered were new species, and these descriptions are to a large extent now considered inadequate. Added to this, there is the great difficulty of acquiring Stephani's types for comparison.

In New Zealand work on hepatics is particularly difficult, because in our public herbaria there are practically no types of any author, and even authentically named specimens are exceedingly difficult to come by. Thus do we welcome the opinions and practical assistance of bryologists in England, Europe, and the United States, for in all these countries are there scattered collections of named New Zealand plants.

As we collect and study, and try to discover to which plants the specific names in Stephani's long list belong, more and more new species are brought to light, and it is some of these that Dr. Th. Herzog, of the Botanical Institute of the Jena University, has here described for us. Dr. Herzog is a high authority on these matters, and his diagnoses are especially welcome.

Description of Species.

Lophocolea subscorpionifolia Herz, n. sp.

Dioica videtur; magna, late caespitosa, mollis, pallida. Caulis repens, sub flore innovatus, ceterum vix ramosus, rhizoidibus longis fasciculatis, cum foliis ca. 3 mm. latus. Folia caulina alternantia, laxe imbricata, subrecte patula, saepius laxe conniventia, ca. 1.5 mm. longa, medio ca. 1 mm. lata, subrectangulari-ovata, apice quam basis parum angustiore, subtruncata vel late excisa, breviter bisetula, laciniis porrectis, ca. 5 cellulas longis; cellulae apicales diametro ca. 40–45μ, basales ad 80μ longae, omnes diaphanae, tenerae, tamen trigonis majusculis. Amphigastria caulina uno latere brevissime connata, parva, ultra medium bifida, laciniis setiformibus, parum divergentibus, sinu lato obtuso, saepius utraque basi spina singula armata. Folia floralia laxa, majora, 3.5 mm. longa, 2.2 mm. lata, oblongo-elliptica, breviter bisetula, basi postica interdum breviter appendiculata; amphigastrium florale parvum, liberum, oblongum, ad medium bifidum, laciniis angustis, acuminatis, laxe spinosis. Perianthia ca. 4 mm. longa, parum exserta, late campanulata, 3-loba,

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3-carinata, lobis bifidis, ceterum laxe spinosis, sectione amphigastriali minore, breviore, carinis anguste alatis, alis apice parce serratis, plicis medianis irregularibus accessoriis parcis, brevibus, angustissime alatis vel subnullis.

Near Atiamuri, N. Island, swampy ground, under light shade, ca. 1200ft., leg. K. W. Allison, XI.30 (n. 264).

Closely resembling L. scorpionifolia with its wide and diaphanous cells, but differing in the shorter and straighter laciniae, the smaller stipules, and the more simple bracts of the inflorescence.

Lophocolea lamellicalyx Herz, n. sp.

Dioica; magna, turgida, sordide flavida, cinerascens. Caulis succulentus, ad 2 cm. longus, cum foliis 4 mm. latis. Folia alternantia, conferta, oblique patula, longe inserta, basibus antice fere contiguis, e basi lata, antice parum decurrente late ovata, brevissime bifida, 2 mm. longa, basi 2 mm. lata, margine antico substricto, postico arcuato, laciniis brevibus, setaceis, divergentibus vel porrectis, parum irregularibus, sinu lato obtuso vel truncato; cellulae diaphanae, mediae diametro ca. 50μ, basales 40 × 50μ metientes, trigonis ubique parvis. Amphigastria caulina libera, majuscula, profunde 4–6-fida, laciniis setaceis divaricatis. Folia subfloralia 4-juga, accrescentia, comosa, conniventia, floralia maxima, 4 mm. longa et lata, subrotunda, apice acutata, brevissime bifida, dentibus spiniformibus, ca. 4 cellulas longis, parum divergentibus, sinu parvo, latiusculo, obtuso, marginibus ceterum remote irregulariterque spinulosis vel subintegerrimis; amphigastrium florale liberum, parvum, 2 mm. longum, 1 mm. latum, ligulatum vel subspathulatum, ad medium bifidum, laciniis longis setaceis, flexuosis, ceterum irregulariter et interdum hamatim laciniatum. Perianthia maxima, 6 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata, emersa, campanulata, breviter triloba, lobis foliaribus latis obtuse acutatis, breviter bifidis, varie spinosis, sectione amphigastriali distincte angustiore breviore, profunde bifida et similiter spinosa, carinis 3 plicisque medianis interjectis late bialatis, alis divergentibus, usque ad basin fere grosse spinosis.

By L. Waikaremoana, H.B., leg. E. A. Hodgson. I.29 (n. 40).

The lamelliferous perianth is very characteristic.

Lophocolea multialata Herz, n. sp.

Dioica; laxe caespitosa, robusta, succulenta, e viridi grisea, madefacta brunnescens. Caulis 2–3 cm. longus, parum ramosus, dense foliosus, cum foliis, 3.5 mm. latus. Folia caulina opposita, recte patula, convexa, saepius sursum conniventia, late trapezoideoovata, margine dorsali oblique ascendente, substricto, ventrali e basi constricta valde arcuato, parum undulato, apice late excisa, subtruncata, bisetula, setis brevibus, nunc porrectis, nunc divergentibus vel conniventibus; cellulae laxae, diaphanae, turgidulae, medianae 36 × 40μ, basales 40 × 60μ metientes, trigonis ubique nullis. Amphigastria caulina pro foliis parva, utrinque decurrenti-connata, late excisa, bifida, laciniis setaceis, divaricatis, marginibus spina magna patula vel reflexa armatis, basi 1–2 spinulosa vel nuda. Folia subfloralia accrescentia, majora, subconformia, 1-2-juga, floralia maxima, 4 mm. longa. 3.5 mm. lata, subrotunda, breviter excisa, bisetula;

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amphigastrium florale a foliis liberum, parvum, 1 mm. longum, cum perianthii basi connatum, anguste oblongum ad medium bifidum, laciniis anguste acuminatis, parce spinosis. Perianthia maxima, 4 mm. longa, emersa, ad medium fere 3-loba, lobis bifidis, ceterum robuste spinosis, spinis patentibus, sectione amphigastriali distincte angustiore, vix breviore, multialata, carinis plicisque intermediis varie alatis alis grosse spinosis. Androecea in caule ramisque mediana, plurijuga, bracteis conniventibus, margine antico basali saccatim involuto, sacculo retortiformi, sub apice angustato, constricto, breviter subtubuloso-elongato, haud spinoso.

On very rotten log, “Puaiti Bush,” near Rotorua, leg. K. W. Allison (n. 38).

L. multialata differs little from L. lamellicalyx in the perianth, the intermediate lamellae merely being a little more frequent and narrower, but it differs widely in its opposite leaves and connate stipules. Also, its leaf-cells are distinctly smaller and rather yellow-brown, whereas in L. lamellicalyx they are quite hyaline and pellucid.

Lophocolea decurrens Herz, n. sp.

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Dioica videtur; parva, dense depresso-caespitans, albescens. Caulis ad 1 cm. longus, tenuis, tamen subsuceulentus, cum foliis ca. 1 mm. latus, ramosus, ramis posticis, plerumque densius foliatis, foliis minoribus. Folia caulina subopposita, sursum secunda, assurgenti-complicata, ad 0.9 mm. longa, basi 1.1 mm. lata, e basi antica abrupte dilatata, longius decurrente triangulata, infra 1/3 bifida, laciniis anguste triangulatis, acuminatis, curvatim conniventibus, sinu semilunato, margine antico medio late sinuato, postico arcuato; cellulae mediae 18 × 25μ metientes, singulae-praesertim ad laciniarum basin-majores, 27 × 36μ metientes, omnes trigonis parvis. Amphigastria caulina uno latere cum folio proximo brevissime connata, parva, ad medium bifida, laciniis triangulatis, pungentibus, divaricatis, ceterum basi indistincte angulata vel denticulata. Folia floralia cum amphigastrio florali subconformia, majora, ad medium fere bifida, laciniis hamatis, sinu angusto, marginibus hic illic subreflexis. Perianthia tricarinata, carinis subobtusis, haud armatis, trilobata, lobis brevibus, bifidis, laciniis elongatis, hamatis, ceterum irregulariter spinulosis. Androecea in ramis propriis vel in planta ♂ graciliore, densius foliata mediana, plurijuga, bracteolis trifidis, lacinia antica inflexa, sacculum sistente, amphigastriis minimis, ad basin fere bifidis, laciniis divaricatis, setaceis.

Tableland Track, Mount Arthur, South Island, leg. G. O. K. Sainsbury, 3.II.30 (n. 37).

Distinguished from all other New Zealand species of the genus by the shape of the leaves. Somewhat resembling L. inflexifolia, but differing in the stipules.

Lophocolea cinerea Herz, n. sp.

Dioica; terricola, caespitosa, turgidula, spongiosa, sicca cinerea. Caulis arcte repens, rhizoidibus crebris affixus, ramosus, ramis plerumque floriferis, ca. 1-1.5 cm. longus, cum foliis, 1.5 mm. latus. Folia subopposita, oblique patula, imbricata, parum convexa, ad 1.4 mm. longa, 1.2 mm. lata, apice arcte decurva, e basi longe inserta,

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lata subovato-triangulata, marginibus. Praesertim ventrali, arcuatis, apice triplo vel quadruplo angustiore, bidentato, dentibus approximatis, subconvergentibus, brevibus, spiniformibus, ceterum margine imprimis dorsali irregulariter spinuloso, ventrali a medio ad basin subintegerrimo; cellulae hexagonae, sat tenerae, diaphanae, margine diametro ca. 14μ, medio 16-18μ, basi 24μ, trigonis subnullis, dorso imprimis apicem versus disperse papillatim hispidae, spinulis, papilliformibus 2-cellularibus, brevibus. Amphigastria libera, sat magna, ad medium fere 4-laciniata laciniis mediis longe acuminatis, subpiliformibus, varie hamatis, lateralibus brevioribus, dente basali uno alterove accessoriis, ceterum parce spinulosa, tenerrima, laevia. Folia floralia parum majora, apice minus distincte bidentata, ceterum superne grossius irregulariterque spinosa, margine subundulato, vix hispida; amphigastrium florale liberum, canaliulatum, ad 1/3 bilobum, lobis latiuscule acuminatis, spinulosis, laciniis lateralibus plerumque 2 majoribus, hamatin incurvis, ceteris irregularibus, brevissimis. Perianthia juvenilia vix alata, varie lacinulato-spinosa, laevia (haud hispida).

In bush, L. Waikaremoana, I.1931, leg. E. A. Hodgson (n. 81).

Easily distinguished from L. muricata and L. leucophylla by the shape of the amphigastria. The leaves are hispid as in L. muricata, but not so regularly, while the amphigastria, bracts, and perianth are all smooth.

Lophocolea curvifolia Herz, n. sp.

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Dioica; gracillima, caespitosa, sordide viridis, pallida. Caulis filiformis, tamen rigidulus, varie ramosus, 1-1.5 cm. longus, cum foliis 0.75 mm. latus. Folia alternantia, in planta ♀ remota vel subremota, squarroso-patula, parum convexa, ca. 0.6 mm. longa, basi 0.3 mm. lata, oblique inserta, margine postico basi subrevoluto, utroque ad medium fere parallelis, dein parum arcuatis, ad medium vel magis biloba, lobis divergentibus vel porrectis, saepius varie retroflexis, anguste longeque acuminatis, ventrali latiore, dorsali subsetaceo, sinu lato obtuso vel semilunari; cellulae tenerae, opacae, ubique fere aequales, 18μ longae, 14μ latae, trigonis nullis. Amphigastria caulina mediocria, libera, infra medium bifida, laciniis longe setaceis, porrectis, sinu acuto, spinis lateralibus 2, parum incurvatis, brevibus. Folia floralia majora, bifida, lobis anguste acuminatis, recurvatis; amphigastrium florale subaequimagnum, e basi ovata oblongum, ultra 1/3 bifidum, laciniis basi latiusculis, canaliculatis, apice breviter hamatim recurvatis. Perianthia pro plantula magna, 1.6 mm. longa, longe exserta, anguste campanulata obtuse angulata, profunde trilobata, lobis bisbifidis, laciniis setaceis, curvato-conniventibus vel divergentibus, basi 1–3 spinosis. Planta mascula (? sterilis) gracilior, foliis magis confertis, saepius stoloniformi-elongata.

Marlborough, leg. J. H. McMahon, 1929.

The position of the leaves and the shape of the lobes are very characteristic.

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Lophocolea crassiretic Herz, n. sp.

Dioica; parva, caespitosa, e flavo fuscescens, corticola. Caulis prostratus, parum ramosus, tenuis, rigidulus, ca. 1 cm. longus, catenulatus, cum foliis 0.7 mm. crassus. Folia alternantia, subglobos-concavissima, imbricata, e basi constricta reniformia, integra, margine dorsali ima basi brevissime sinuato, integerrima, ad 0.5 mm. longa, 0.7 mm. lata; cellulae ubique fere aequales, diametro ca. 18μ, validissimae, trigonis quam maxime incrassatis, nodosis, ideoque lumine substellato. Amphigastria parva, 0.13 mm. longa et lata, patula, libera, subquadrato-rotunda, truncata vel indistincte emarginata, ceterum integra, apice (loborum loco) papillis binis hyalinis ornata, crassiretia. Folia floralia majora, subconformia; amphigastrium liberum foliis duplo brevius, breviter spathulatum, integrum vel parce crenatum. Perianthia inflata, oblongo-ellipsoidea, nec angulata, nec alata, teretia, apice breviter triloba, lobis rotundatis, integerrimis, inflexis, crassiretia.

N. Island. Te Matawai, Tararuas, leg. V. D. Zotov, 3.VI.32.

Lophocolea wairoae Herz, n. sp.

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Dioica, ♀ planta tantum visa; pusilla, terricola. Caulis brevissimus, vix 0.5 cm. longus, cum foliis nec 1 mm. crassus, simplex, gracillimus, tamen succulentus. Folia caulina oblique inserta, stricte ascendenti-patula, saepius conniventia vel cauli a latere incumbentia, alternantia, diversiformia, nunc elliptica vel ovalia, integerrima, obtusa, nunc emarginata, nunc breviter bifida, lobis brevibus, obtusis, 0.35 mm. longa, 0.25 mm. lata, cellulae ubique fere aequales, tenerae, pellucidae, diametro ca. 20μ, trigonis subnullis. Amphigastria pro plantula magna, libera, patula, apicibus incurvis, anguste ovata, ad medium bifida, laciniis anguste triangulatis, parum conniventibus, ceterum integerrima. Folia floralia plus dupla majora, oblique emarginata vel breviter bifida, angulis obtusis vel acutis, inaequalibus. Perianthia nimis juvenilia, inevoluta. Amphigastrium florale uno latere breviter connatum, subaequilongum, oblongum, dorso concavum, ad 1/3 bifidum, laciniis acutis, conniventibus, apice incurvis.

At foot of tree, Whakamahia, Wairoa; Easter, 1932; leg. E. A. Hodgson (n. 123).

A very doubtful plant owing to the absence of perianths.

Lophocolea Zotovii Herz, n. sp.

Dioica (planta ♀ tantum visa); laxe pulvinato-caespitosa, submersa vel irrigata, e viridi nigricans. Caulis suberectus, flexuosus, ramosus et stoloniferus, ad 2 cm. longus, tenuis, cum foliis vix 1 mm. crassus. Folia remota vel laxe imbricata, alternantia, subtransverse inserta, concavissima, cauli a latere laxe incumbentia vel patula, e basi sensim angustata, antice parum decurrente optime obovata, apice rotundata, integerrima, 0.7 mm. longa, 0.4 mm. lata; cellulae apicales diametro 10–12μ, basales 24–36μ longae, 10–12μ latae, omnes tenerrimae, opacae, cuticula minutim punctulata. Amphigastria caulina parva, appressa, remota, libera, sublinearia, ultra medium bifida, laciniis angustis, subsetiformibus, porrectis, sinu angustissime rimaeformi. Folia floralia majora, subconformia; amphigastrium florale liberum, anguste oblongum, elongatum, infra medium anguste bifidum, laciniis angustissimis, longe acuminatis. Perianthia

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(juvenilia) anguste infundibuliformia, tricarinata, brevissime triloba, lobis rotundatis, integerrimis, reclinatis vel subrevolutis, adulta elongata, 2 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, subcylindrica, obtuse carinata (subdeleta).

Watercourse on N. face of Mt. Hector, 4300ft.; Tararua Mts., leg. V. D. Zotov (n. 138).

Geocalyx novaezelandiae Herz, n. sp.

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Monoicus; minor, dense caespitosus, pallide glaucoviridis. Caulis 1-1.5 cm. longus, repens, rhizoidibus parcis, ramosus, ramis interdum stoloniformibus. Folia ca. 1.1 mm. longa, 0.6 mm. lata, sursum secunda, imbricata, e basi antica decurrente truncato-triangulata vel subrectangularia, oblique patentia, ad 1/3 biloba, lobis subaequalibus vel antico majore, angustis, triangulatis, acuminatis, hamatim incurvis; cellulae omnes turgidulae, apicales diametro ca. 22μ, mediae 18 × 27μ, basales ca. 36 × 40μ metientes, trigonis ubique minusculis distinctis, acutis. Amphigastria caulina pro genere magna, 0.6 mm. longa, 0.24 mm. lata, angusta, ad basin fere bifida, laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, acutissimis, incurvo-accumbentibus. Marsupia generis; androecea longe spicata, nuda, haud rhizifera.

Karamea, Sth. Island, leg. Miss Foot (n. 39); wet shaded bank near Atiamuri, ca. 1000ft., leg. K. W. Allison (n. 124); Stewart Island, leg. M. E. Hodgson (n. 125).

Distinguished from the well-known G. graveolens by its smaller and narrower leaves, larger stipules, and the long spike-shaped androecea. A handsome southern representative of the boreal G. graveolens!

Blepharostoma vaginatum Herz, n. sp.

Dioicum videtur, planta ♀ tantum visa; pusillum, caespitosum, pallidum. Caulis nec 1 cm. longus, sat regulariter dense pinnatus, rhizoidibus purpureis longis fasciculatis, pinnis subaequilongis ca. 3–4 mm. longis, obtusis, densifoliis. Folia caulina remota, e disco lato, parum decurrente ultra medium trifida, asymmetrica, dorso contigua, lobis angustis, dite pinnatim setigeris, setis hyalinis, patentibus; cellulae loborum 18 × 27μ metientes, trigonis majusculis, disci subaequales, tenuiores, trigonis nullis. Amphigastria caulina minora, ad medium 4-loba, lobis medianis majoribus, lateralibus dentiformibus, nunc integerrimis, nunc parce setulosis. Folia ramulina confertissima, disco concavo, laxe accumbente quasi vaginata, basi dorsali breviter connata, lobis squarroso-patentibus, ceterum, foliis caulinis, quamvis minora, simillima. Folia floralia multo majora, bijuga, basi inter se breviter connata, intima parum minora, disco magno, facie interiore parce ramentaceo, lobis irregu-laribus, ditissime setulosis, setulis densis, porrectis; amphigastrium florale subaequale, distinctius quadrilobum. Perianthia 3.3 mm. longa, basi 1.5 mm. lata, conica, obtuse triquetra, trisulcata, ore angustissimo, papilliformi-fimbriolato.

Steep rock face in gorge near Atiamuri, leg. K. W. Allison.

This beautiful species is closely related to B. palmatum, but is well distinguished by its trifid and vaginate branch-leaves.

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Dendroceros Allisonii Herz, n. sp.

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Thallus ca. 1 cm. longus, 5 mm. latus, obscure viridis, margine crispato-lobatus, inter lobos valde constrictus. Costa solida, debilis, ca. 1/3 alarum lata; cellulae alarum marginales diametro ca. 20μ, mediae subaequales, subcostales 20 × 32μ, omnes trigonis majusculis conspicuis, perforationibus subnullis. Involucra ca. 5 mm. longa, angusta, parce tuberculato-aspera. Capsula 1.5 cm. longa, laevissima, cellulis exothecii valide trabeculatis. Sporae diametro ca. 60μ, angulato-globosae, minute asperae, pallide viridulae, opaco-pellucidae. Elateres ca. 200μ longi, monospiri.

Tree trunk near edge of bush, S. of Rotorua, 1600ft., leg. K. W. Allison, 2.IX, 32 (n. 142).

Dendroceros megasporus Herz, n. sp.

Thallus ca. 1 cm. longus, explanatus 6 mm. latus, obscure viridis, margine foliaceo-crispatus, lobulatus, lobulis rotundatis. Costa solida, debilis, quam alae 4-plo angustior, stomatibus parcis notata. Cellulae alarum marginales diametro 20μ, submarginales 27μ, subcostales 36μ, tenues, trigonis parvis, distinctis, perforationibus quadratis irregularibus, nunc crebris nunc subnullis. Involucra ca. 4 mm. longa, grosse tuberculato-aspera. Capsula (in primitiis dehiscenciae) 5 mm. longa, valvis indistincte papulosis, cellulis exothecii noduloso-incrassatis. Sporae multicellulares, angulato-rotundae, parum com-planatae, diametro ultra 80μ, granulato-asperae. Elateres ca. 160μ longi, monospiri.

Epiphytic on manuka, Te Moehau, Auckland, ca. 1500ft., leg. L. B. Moore, 17.V.33 (n. 141).

Fossombronia microspora Herz, n. sp.

Dioica (?); caespitosa, majuscula. Caulis 1-1.5 cm. longus, repens, rhizoidibus longissimis, violaceis, cum foliis ad 6 mm. latus. Folia rotundata, parum crispato-undulata, leviter 2–4 loba, lobis rotundatis, bene explanata, laxe imbricata, longe inserta, subquadrato-obtusis, ca. 2.5 mm. longa et lata; cellulae pellucidae, laxae, ubique fere aequales, ca. 80μ longae, 45μ latae. Involucrum campanulatum, margine parum crispato-lobatum. Capsula breviter pedicellata; cellulae exothecii spiris interruptis irregularibus exstructae. Sporae subglobosae, diametro ca. 22–28μ, dense irregulariter lamellato-reticulatae, lamellis parum flexuosis, in ambitu truncatis, ideo repando-alatae. Elaters ca. 170μ longi.

Stream bank in shade, ca. 1000ft., near Atiamuri, leg. K. W Allison, 21. XII, 30 (n. H.346).

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