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Volume 70, 1940-41
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[Read before the Wellington Philosophical Society, June, 1938; received by Editor, November 3, 1939; issued separately, June, 1940.]

Contents.
Page
Conception of Characteristic or key Fossils 79
Common Forms 79
Faunal Communities 79
Micro-Faunas 81
Table of new Zealand Stages 81
Outside Macro-Faunal correlations 82
Cretaceous 83
(a) Clarentian 83
(b) Pirïpanan 84
(c) “Teredo-Limestone” 85
(d) Kaitangatan and Wangaloan 86
Tertiary 87
(a) Bortonian 87
(b) Ototaran 87
(c) Waitakian 87
(d) Hutchinsonian 88
(e) Awamoan 88
(f) Tongaporutuan 88
(g) Urenuian 89
(h) Pliocene 90
Outside Correlations by Foraminifera 90
Cretaceous 91
Tertiary 92
(a) Eocene 92
(b) Oligocene 94
(c) Miocene 94
(d) Pliocene 96
(e) Anomalics 97
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Some General Aspects of Correlation 97
Conflict of Evidence 97
Recurrence of Faunas 98
Post-Jurassic Complexity 98
Percentage of Recent Species 99
Type and Standard Sections 99
Scope of Lists 101
Description and Characteristic Fossils of the Stages 102
Pre-clarentian 102
Clarentian 102
(a) Typical, South Island 102
(b) Raukumara Series, North Island 103
Piripauan 103
(a) Typical, South Island 103
(b) Tapuwaeroa Series, North Island 104
Post-piripauan 105
Wangaloan 105
Bortonian 106
(a) Lower Bortonian 107
(b) Upper Bortonian 108
Tahuian 109
Kaiatan 110
Whaingaroan 112
Duntroonian 113
Waitakian 115
Hutchinsonian 116
(a) Lower Hutchinsonian 117
(b) True Hutchinsonian 118
Awamoan 119
Tongaporutuan 122
Urenuian 123
Opoitian 124
Waitotaran 125
Nukumaruan 127
Castlecliffian 128
Recent 129
Review of Results 129
Agreement of Evidence 129
Stages Most Striking Faunally 129
Conclusion 130
List of References 131
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The system of New Zealand stage names at present in use was introduced by J. A. Thomson (1916). Other stages have been added from time to time, and a summary of those proposed, with discussion of the type localities, has been given by Dr. R. S. Allan (1933). This excellent paper gives full stratigraphical data or references for the various stages discussed and details of previous work. The present paper deals with the palaeontological side much more exhustively, but elaborates the stratigraphy only where necessary.

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