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Volume 73, 1943-44
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Genus Parakatianna Womersley.

Four new species and three new sub-species now can be added to this genus in New Zealand, making a total of five species and three sub-species known from this country. Several of these species have the peg-like organ on Ant. III more wart-like than peg-like, and appear to be intermediate forms between Sminthurinus and Parakatianna. As, however, Ant. IV always is subdivided and the mucro has three lamellae, I consider them best included in the genus Parakatianna. The following key will assist in their separation:—

Key to the New Zealand Species of Parakatianna.
1. Claw with inner teeth only. 3
Claw with one inner tooth, one pair of outer lateral teeth and 8–9 outer serrations. 2
2. Entirely black species P. litorea sp. nov.
Black with dorsal surface orange-red. P. litorea sub-spec. luteaterga nov.
3. Black species with occasional spots or marks 4
Colour otherwise. 5
4. With large brilliant-white band across head between ocellar fields and bright orange-red band between antennal bases. Rest of body black. P. albirubrafrons sp. nov.
As above but with additional shining-white spots on thorax and abdomen. P. albirubrafrons sub-spec. niveanota nov.
With orange-red area on front of head; white, spot by each ocellar field and irregular orange red markings on dorsum P. cortica sp. nov.
5. Yellow or orange with irregular dark markings, white band between ocellar fields and red band between antennal bases. P. diversitata sp. nov.
Distinctly greenish with markings as above P. diversitata sub-spec. viridis nov.
Yellow, with greyish-green hexagonal markings forming lateral pigment areas and five reddish-brown transverse bands. P. hexagona Salmon.

Parakatianna litorea sp. nov. Plate 2, figs. 1416.

Colour: Typically black all over with numerous small yellow spots occurring irregularly all over the body. Antennae, legs, and furcula paler bluish-black with Ant. IV and the tibio-tarsi deep-black. Ocellar fields partly orange-red and partly black, the ocelli themselves dark-brown in colour. Two shining-white spots on the top inner corner of each ocellar field and two short white lines down the front of the head, below the antennae, sometimes joined by a cross-band.

Clothing: Well clothed with moderately long plain setae.

Body: Length up to 1.9 mm. Antennae one-and-a-half times as long as the length of the front of the head, the four segments related as 6:11:14:38. Ant. IV only indistinctly subdivided or not at all, and apically with exsertile knob and six sense rods. Peg-like organ on Ant. III more dome-like and small. Ocelli eight to each side, the central one very small, the remainder large with the exception of the

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central ocellus of the outer three and the posterior one, both of which are smaller. Rami of tenaculum with three teeth and basal appendages.

Legs: Claw with one inner tooth two-thirds down, two outer lateral teeth nearly half-way down outer edge, and a basal row of 8–9 serrations down outer edge. Empodial appendage with apical bristle extending beyond tip of claw and with inner lamella bearing one large and one small tooth at the angle. Three clavate tenent hairs about two-thirds as long as claw to each foot.

Furcula: Dens to mucro as 25:8. Mucro with inner lamella strongly crenulate.

Locality: Titahi Bay, amongst dry kelp thrown up among the rocks. Very common. (Author's Coll.). Easily obtained by submerging pieces of kelp in a rock-pool, when the Collembola come out and skip about on the surface of the water.

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Type: Slide 3/1255 Dominion Museum Collection.

Parakatianna litorea sub-species luteaterga nov. Plate 1, fig. 6.

In this sub-species the whole of the dorsal surface of the body excepting, sometimes, the anal segments, is coloured a bright orange-red, with the rest of the body black, as in the typical form. Occasional forms occur in which the orange-red is crossed by narrow black bands, and there always is a strong transverse dorsal band of black at the commencement of the furcal segment.

Locality: Same as typical form.

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Type: Slide 3/1258 Dominion Museum Collection.

Parakatianna albirubrafrons sp. nov. Plate 2, figs. 1720.

Colour: In life, black with always a very conspicuous broad brilliant shining white elevated band across the front of the head between the ocellar fields. Immediately below, between the bases of the antennae and adjoining the white band, there is a broad band of orange-red pigment. Two small but conspicuous dull-red spots dorsally on the anal segments. Ventral surface of body pale-bluish-white. Mounted, the red band is seen to contain, down each side near the margin, a row of three black spots. The lower edge of the red band is bordered with a narrow band of intense black, which also passes partly around the antennal bases, while across the lower part of the face there is another broad black band. An orange-red “anchor”-shaped mark on the front of the head surrounding the mouth. (In some specimens this is black.) Ocelli on black fields. The ground colour of the head is a bluish-white. A few irregular spots and markings may appear over the body in mounted specimens. Sometimes these are faintly indicated on living specimens if the latter are closely examined. Antennae dark-yellowish-brown, throughout. Legs lighter-yellowish-brown with bluish bands, and the apex of the tibiotarsi bright orange-red. Furcula pale-yellow with bright orange-red bands at apex of manubrium and of each dens.

Clothing: Sparsely clothed with short curved, plain setae with longer, straighter plain setae around the posterior region.

Body: Length up to 1.1 mm. Antennae one-and-a-half times as long as the front of the head (measured from mouth to vertex), the

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four segments related as 3:6:8:22. Sensory organ on Ant. III small and more wart-like than peg-like. Ant. IV with 12 subdivisions and two apical exsertile knobs surrounded by 6–8 sense rods. Rami of tenaculum with three teeth and large basal appendages, the anterior of which bears a long straight and a short curved seta. Ocelli eight to each side, the centre one very small, the posterior outer one small, the remainder all large. Cuticle very finely granulate.

Legs: Claw with a larger inner tooth at two-thirds down. No outer teeth. Empodial appendage with three broad lamellae, the general appearance lanceolate, and reaching down as far as inner tooth of claw. Generally four (sometimes, but rarely, five) strongly clavate tenent hairs, one of which usually equals the claw in length, the others about two-thirds as long as claw. The claws almost at right angles to the tibio-tarsi.

Furcula: Dens approximately three times as long as mucro. Mucro with basal “keel” and trilamellate, the inner lamella lightly crenulated, central and outer lamellae plain, and apex fused and lance-like for about one-tenth the length of the entire mucro.

Locality: Titahi Bay, beaten from tauhinu scrub on coastal cliffs.; common. (Author's Coll.).

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Type: Slide 3/1264. Dominion Museum Collection.

Parakatianna albirubrafrons sub-spec. niveanota nov. Plate 1, fig. 5.

This sub-species is identical with the main species in all respects except that there are in addition a series of shining-white spots on the body similar to that on the head. There are two large such spots on the anterior dorsal portion of the body, close together, one on each side of the mid-dorsal line. In front of these, two very small spots, and behind, two small but laterally elongated spots. Two large dorsal spots on the furcal segment and a very large and a small spot on each side of the abdomen. There is a pale-bluish-white mid-dorsal line extending halfway down the body from the neck and two irregular-shaped similar coloured areas along the posterior portion of each side of the abdomen.

Locality: The same as for the main species.

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Type: Slide 3/1265 Dominion Museum Collection.

Parakatianna diversitata sp. nov. Plate 1, fig. 4; plate 2, figs. 2123.

Colour: Yellow or orange with irregular orange or dark-brown markings on the body and conspicuous shining-white and orange-red bands across the front of the head as in P. albirubrafrons. Shining-white spots sometimes absent from body, but generally four dorsal anterior spots and one or two to each side. Generally 2–3 pairs of shining-white spots on ventral surface of abdomen. Ventral surface of body pale-yellow or dull-white. Antennae dark-brownish-yellow. Legs and furcula pale-yellow with orange-red at apex of tibio-tarsi. Manubrium and dentes as albirubrafrons.

Clothing: Similar to P. albirubrafrons.

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Body: Length up to 1.2 mm., otherwise similar to P. albirubrafrons.

Legs: Claw almost at right angles to tibiotarsus and with large inner tooth at two-thirds down. No outer teeth. Empodial appendage longer than in albirubrafrons, reaching almost to tip of claw, trilamellate and lanceolate in general appearance. Five strongly clavate tenent hairs (rarely only four) shorter than claw to each foot.

Furcula: Dens to mucro as 8:3. Mucro trilamellate, the inner lamella crenulate, the central lamella lightly crenulate basally. Outer lamella plain.

Locality: Karori Hills. Beaten from tauhinu scrub. (Author's Coll.). Very common.

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Type: Slide 3/1262 and Figured Paratype Slide 3/1263 Dominion Museum Collection.

Remarks: At first sight this species might be regarded as a variety of P. albirubrafrons, especially as the white and red marks on the front of the head are practically identical in both species. The distinctive colour, which makes it not unlike P. obscura Womersley in general appearance, coupled with the slight variations in the foot and mucro, and on the average its somewhat larger size make it, I think, a distinct species. Although inhabiting the same species of plant as P. albirubrafrons, so far it has been found only on inland situations, while albirubrafrons is found only in close proximity to the sea. No intermediate forms between these two species have been discovered.

Parakatianna diversitata sub-spec. viridis nov. Plate 1, fig. 11.

This sub-species differs from the main species in that the ground colour of the body, particulary on the sides, is distinctly green. Ventral surface of the body and the legs greenish. The irregular dark markings are of a much darker and richer brown than in the main species, and frequently they include small blotches of blue which intensify the general greenish appearance. There are 4–6 large shining-white spots on the anterior dorsal surface of the body arranged in pairs along the mid-dorsal line. 3–4 similar white spots along the sides of the body and three large white spots on the ventral surface of the abdomen.

Locality: Beaten from tauhinu, Karori Hills (Author's Coll.). Not so common as the typical form.

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Type: Slide 3/1282 Dominion Museum Collection.

Parakatianna cortica sp. nov. Plate 1, fig. 9; plate 2, figs. 2427.

Colour: General colour, in life, a deep reddish-black with lighter dorsal patches. Mounted, a deep bluish-black with an irregular-shaped area of orange-red over the dorsal surface of the body. This consists of numerous 4–5-sided pigment patches joined together into irregular-shaped areas. On the front of the head between the ocelli and antennal bases there is an area of orange-red pigment. Ocelli on black pigment patches with an intense shining-white spot on the inner dorsal margin of each ocellar field. Antennae dark-brown, yellow at the joints. Legs dark-bluish-black except for femoral segments, which are yellow, and the apex of each tibiotarsus, which is bright orange-red. Furcula pale-yellow.

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Fig. 1—Sminthurinus multidentata n.sp. X 18.
Fig. 2.—Katianna venusta n.sp. dorsal view. X 30.
Fig. 3—Katianna renusta n.sp. side view. X 30.
Fig. 4—Parakatianna dirensitata n.sp. dorsal view. X 36.
Fig. 5—Parakatianna albinubrafrons subspec. nireanoa nov. dorsal view. X 36.
Fig. 6—Parakatianna litorea subspec. luteaterga nov. dorsal view. X 18.
Fig. 7—Dicyrtomina superba n.sp. dorsal view. X 24.
Fig. 8.—Sminthurinus glaucus n.sp. side view. X 45.
Fig. 9.—Parakatianna cortica n.sp. side view. X 24.
Fig. 10.—Dicyrtomina spiculata n.sp. side view. X 30.
Fig. 11.—Parakatianna diversitata subspec. viridis nov. dorsal view. X 36.

In the dorsal views on this plate, all the heads are shown drawn up so that the pattern on the front of the face can be seen.

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Figs. 1–6—Sminthurinus lividus n.sp. Fig. 1—Foot. Fig. 2—Foot from behind. Fig. 3—Ocellar group. Fig. 4—Apex of Ant. IV. Fig. 5—Mucro and apex of dens. Fig. 6—Wart-like organ on Ant. III.
Figs. 7–10—Sminthurinus glaucus n.sp. Fig. 7—Mucro and apex of dens. Fig. 8—Apex of Ant. IV. Fig. 9—Foot. Fig. 10—Wart-like organ on Ant. III.
Figs. 11–13—Sminthurinus lichenatus n.sp. Fig. 11—Mucro and apex of dens. Fig. 12—Foot. Fig. 13—Wart-like organ on Ant. III.
Figs. 14–16—Parakatianna litorea n.sp. Fig. 14—Foot. Fig. 15—Ocellar group. Fig. 16—Mucro.
Figs. 17–20—Parakatianna albirubrafrons n.sp. Fig. 17—Mucro and apex of dens. Fig. 18—Peg-like organ on Ant. III. Fig. 19—Foot. Fig. 20—Apex of Ant. IV.
Figs. 21–23—Parakatianna diversitata n.sp. Fig. 21—Peg-like organ on Ant. III. Fig. 22—Foot. Fig. 23—Ant. IV.
Figs. 24–27—Parakatianna cortica n.sp. Fig. 24—Mucro and apex of dens. Fig. 25—Foot. Fig. 26—Peg-like organ on Ant. III. Fig. 27—Apex of Ant. IV.
Figs. 28–30—Katianna venusta n.sp. Fig. 28—Seta from body. Fig. 29—Foot. Fig. 30—Mucro and apex of dens.
Figs. 31–32—Sminthurus multidentata n.sp. Fig. 31—Mucro and apex of dens. Fig. 32—Foot.
Figs. 33–34—Dicyrtomina spiculata n.sp. Fig. 33—Foot. Fig. 34—Antenna.
Figs. 35–38—Dicyrtomina superba n.sp. Fig. 35—Foot. Fig. 36—Mucro and apex of dens. Fig. 37—Ocellar group. Fig. 38.—Ants III and IV.

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Clothing: Of numerous moderately-long plain setae.

Body: Length up to 1.5 mm. Antennae one-and-a-half times as long as the front of the head, the four segments related as 4:7:11:22. Peg-like organ on Ant. III small but prominent. Ant. IV with 9–10 ill-defined subdivisions and apically with a pair of sensory bristles and 3–4 sense rods. Ocelli eight to each side, of which the inner three are the largest, the outer three of medium size, the posterior one small and the central smallest. Rami of tenaculum, each with three teeth and large basal appendages, the anterior of which bears a strong spine.

Legs: Claw with one inner tooth at just past halfway down. No outer teeth. Empodial appendage trilamellate, the inner lamella with one large and one very small tooth at the angle. Apical bristle arising below apex of empodial appendage and extending well beyond apex of claw. Four clavate tenent hairs almost as long as the claw to each foot.

Furcula: Dens three times as long as mucro. Mucro with recurved apical tooth and the lamellae plain.

Locality: Karori, under the bark of fuchsia trees in bush gullies. (Author's Coll.).

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Type: Slide 3/1269 and Figured Paratype Slide 3/1270 Dominion Museum Collection.