Involueral leaves large, enveloping the perianth, laciniate-toothed. Invol. stipules reniform, larger than the cauline, ciliate-dentate. ♂ stems with numerous small amenta.

This species was first discovered in Tasmania by La Billardière, and described and published by Schwaegrichen. The first New Zealand specimens were collected at Dusky Sound by Menzies in 1791. Regarding these Sir W. Hooker says in his Musci Exotici: “I think I am correct in considering it to be the J. Billardieri of Schwaegrichen; his words being, ‘J. caule erecto subramoso, foliis imbricatis ovatis acutis omni margine serratis, stipulis arcuatis dimidio minoribus’; and I am the more inclined to think them one and the same plant, because M. La Billardière has given me very fine specimens, which he gathered in Van Diemen's Land, of the same species, but without a name.”

Though the Handbook states: “A very variable plant, in size, colour and toothing of the leaves,” the name “billardieri” was generally recognised as covering these variations, till Stephani separated the New Zealand plant, also from the West Coast of Tasmania, and called it C. ciliatus. Later Rodway reduced this supposed new species to forma ciliata, still retaining it under C. billardieri.

The most robust of all the New Zealand species, and easily recognised by the toothed imbricate leaves, and the toothed reniform stipules. Widespread throughout New Zealand, also Stewart, Auckland and Campbell Islands, Tasmania and Australia.

Chiloscyphus multispinus Hodgson et Allison, sp. nov.

Planta majuscula, pallida, in cortice putrido laxe repens. Caulis simplex vel ramosa, ad 3 cm. longus, procumbens. Folia ca. 1.6 mm., ovato-oblonga, opposita, imbricata, margine antice decurvo apicem versus, margine postico multo spinoso, spinis longis acuminatis, erectis, vel curvatis, e basi lata triangulaque, apice truncato, angulis in spinas mutatis. Amphigastria majuscula, parum imbricata, palmato-spinosa, spinis mediis longis sinu rotundato, foliis utrinque late coalita. Cellulae ca. 30–35 μ, sub-hexagonae, trigonis parvis. Perianthium in ramulo brevissimo laterale, profunde trifidum, ore spinoso-dentato. Folia floralia spinosa utrinque. Amphigastrium bifidum, irregulariter inciso-spinosum.

Plants intermingled, creeping, pale green to pale brown (when dry). Stems simple or branched, flexuous. Leaves imbricate, opposite, oblong-ovate, dorsal margin decurved towards the apex, ventral 3–5 spinose, spines from a base five cells broad, tapering to five or six single cells, curved or straight, with rounded sinuses in between the spines. The margin of the sinuses has a thick appearance, and is often incurved. Stipules of medium size, shortly bifid, the two middle laciniae ending in long spines, sinus rounded, lateral spines smaller, often with secondaries; broadly connate with the leaves. Cells ca. 30–35 μ, with thick walls, rounded-hexagonal, not unlike those of C. fissistipus; trigones small. Perianth lateral at the base of the stem, with numerous rhizoids proceeding from the same place, deeply three-lobed with spinous mouth, spines straight or curved.

Numerous well developed archegonia present in addition to the fully matured capsule. Calyptra not much shorter than the perianth. Invol. leaves with both margins spinose. Invol. stipule unequally bifid, laterally spinous-toothed.

Several stems with smaller leaves are present, but none of them appear to bear antheridia.

Dorsally this species is very similar in appearance to C. renistipulus St., doubtless owing to the decurved dorsal margins, which are common to both. But the very pronounced spines on the ventral margin of C. multispinus, distinguish it from all others, except perhaps C. lyalli, but the texture of that species is soft and membranous, with large cells. Some leaves appear to be trispinose, but in most cases the apex is truncate, with the third spine well round on the ventral margin.

The localities are, Pukerimu Bush, Taupo on logs, coll. K. W. Allison, October, 1934; and Roto-a kui, not far distant, November. 1934.

A duplicate of the type, which is from Pukerimu Bush, is in the Plant Research Bureau Herb., No. 24629, ex. herb. K. W. Allison and E. A. Hodgson.

Chiloscyphus lyallii Mitt.

Mitt. in Fl. Nov. Zel., II, p. 140, 1855; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II, p. 516; St. Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 249; C. trispinosus Mitt., Fl. Nov. Zel., II, p. 140, 1855; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II, p. 516, 1867; St. Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 249.

Plants dioicous, sterile, in lax clumps, in soft shades of green, brown when dry. Stems to 6 cm., more or less flexuous, simple or branched, creeping. Leaves opposite, imbricate, ovate-trapezoid, soft and membranous, glistening, truncate, with a spine at each apical angle, dorsal margin entire, sloping, decurrent, ventral straight, one to four spinous-toothed. Stipules of medium size, bifid, sinus usually fairly wide, segments toothed laterally, connate on both sides with leaves. Cells large, ca. 40–50 μ. ♂ plants of two kinds—(a) with intercalary bracts, (b) with bracts on short lateral spikes, or these may even appear on the same stem.

Mitten's C. trispinosus, described as having only one ventral spine, is this species. I have seen pieces of both these plants from Mitten's Herbarium, and apart from the spines they are identical. (Note the similarity of the descriptions in the Handbook.) Moreover, after carefully looking I found leaves on C. trispinosus with two ventral spines, whereas on typical plants of C. lyallii from Akatarawa Saddle, coll. V. D. Zotov. No. 9198 P. R. B. Herb., there are leaves with ventral spines reduced to two or even one. This discovery has cleared up difficulties; for instance, a plant from Pukemako, King Country, coll. L. B. Moore, has been labelled both C. lyallii, and C. trispinosus at different times.

Another characteristic of this fine plant is that the androecia are both intercalary and spicate in the same clumps of plants, and even on the same stems, which is also the case in C. compactus Col., and C. physanthus Mitt, a fact which militates against the recognition of Heteroscyphus as a seperate genus, at least as far as New

Zealand plants are concerned. This generic name was applied by Schiffner to plants with spicate androecia, and has been re-established by Buch, Evans and Verdoorn, in a preliminary check-list, in Annales Bryologici, vol. X, 1937.

As Mitten points out in the Flora Novae Zelandiae, this species bears resemblance to L. biciliata Mitt, but the spinous ventral margin and the larger stipules will distinguish it.

Mitten also remarks that owing to the absence of perianths, there is doubt about the genus. I think it is almost certainly a Chiloscyphus.

Other localities are, near Fox Glacier, coll. Mrs. Knight. Ohaeawai (?), North Island, with C. coalitus, coll. Berggren, comm. Dr. Fr. Verdoorn, and No. a1702 ex. Herb. Colenso.

Mitten's type of C. lyallii, is from Port Preservation, and his C. trispinosus is from Bligh Sound, both collected by Dr. Lyall.

Chiloscyphus bidentatus St.

St. in Hedw. 1895, p. 320; Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 241.

Plants dioicous, pale green to cream, or pale brown, in small patches. Stems from 2 to 8 cm., simple or more usually branched, flexuose with tufts of rhizoids at intervals. Leaves opposite, imbricate or densely so, flat or ascending, dorsal bases connate, ovate-orbicular, slightly more than 1 mm. long, dorsal margin entire, or with a few small, isolated teeth, ventral margin usually entire, apex usually with two spinose teeth, enclosing a very small sinus, or less often with a single tooth, or sub-acute, or even obtuse. Stipules contiguous, ovate or ovate-orbicular, not, or scarcely connate with the leaves, shortly bifid at apex, with about five short, blunt teeth on each lateral margin, or equally toothed all round. Cells rounded, variable in size, mostly ca. 30 μ, trigones large. Invol. leaves oblong, margins shortly and sparsely toothed, lobes sub-lacerate. Perianth on very short lateral branches, ovate-campanulate, mouth fimbriate.

The round imbricate leaves, with two parallel apical teeth, close together, and the fimbriate perianth mouth are the chief distinguishing marks of this easily recognised species.

The more I study this species, the more I am persuaded that it is the normal well developed form of Mitten's somewhat smaller, darker, C. menziesii. Such a plant from Prospecting Flat, Stewart Island, coll. L. Cockayne, which is unquestionably C. bidentatus, has the majority of its leaves identical in shape with those of Mitten's fragment, with cells, stipules and colour all similar. Though Mitten describes his perianth mouth as having short, incurved teeth, whereas C. bidentatus has the mouth fimbriate, it may be, that, as with the leaves, the dentitions incline to become less pronounced, or, as in the case of the leaves, even obsolete.

If, as I strongly suspect, C. chlorophyllus (Tayl.) is a depauperated form of C. bidentatus St., then Taylor's name of chlorophyllus, may have to take precedence over both Stephani's bidentatus and Mitten's menziesii.

Other localities are, summit Te Moehau Mt., Coromandel Pen., amongst mosses, coll. L. B. Moore; National Park, coll. G. O. K. Sainsbury; Ngongotaha Mt., Rotorua, on tree trunk in bush, coll. K. W.

Allison; Lead Hills, Rainham, Nelson, coll. G. Simpson and S. Thomson; Waikaremoana, coll. A. L. Hodgson; Tararuas, coll. V. D. Zotov, No. 6664, P. R. B. Herb.; also in Colenso's collection.

Chiloscyphus sinuosus (Hook.) Nees.

Jungermannia sinuosa Hook., Musc. Exot., t. 113, 1818; Tayl., Lond. Journ. of Bot., p. 384, 1844; Fl. Ant., 1847. Chiloscyphus sinnosus G. L. et N., Syn. Hep., p. 175 et 705 (Supp.) Mitt., Fl. Nov. Zel., II, p. 141; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II, p. 515, 1867; St., Spec. Hep., vol. III. p. 244; Rod. Tas. Bry., p. 54, 1916.

Plants dioicous, medium to robust, yellow-green, loosely interwoven in depressed mats. Stems 3–8 cm., often much branched; with a grooved appearance due to the set of the closely imbricate, dorsally connate leaves; rhizoids few or absent. Leaves triangular-ovate from a broad base, opposite, closely imbricate, apex bidentate, teeth close together, sinus round, small; dorsal margins long and sloping, the connate bases forming a “flat triangular lamina”; ventral margins strongly undulate. Stipules closely imbricate, 5–6 partite, segments setaceous, margins undulate, recurved; connate with the leaves. Cells ca. 30–40 μ, rounded, with large trigones. ♂ stems closely packed with short spicate branches, with 2–3 pairs of bracts. Perianth ovate, with a stout stalk, mouth laciniate, laciniae inflexed. Invol. leaves variously 2–4 lobed, segments ciliate-toothed. Easily recognised by the closely imbricate leaves with strongly undulate ventral margins.

Though Mitten reduces C. oblongifolius to this species, I have not included it in the synonomy, as Stephani reinstates it in his Species Hepaticarum, and, moreover, the descriptions of these two species in the Synopsis Hepaticarum are different.

The Flora Antarctica states that the specimens from the Auckland Islands are quite white.

The Handbook states that this species is abundant from the Bay of Islands to Dusky Sound, but the only specimens I have seen are from: Ruahines, coll. Colenso; Rainbow Mountain, Rotorua, coll. K. W. Allison; Arthur's Pass, coll. A. L. Hodgson; Maruia Springs, Nelson, coll. J. H. McMahon; Mt. Arthur Tableland, coll. J. M. Dingley; Fox Glacier, coll. Mrs. Knight; Franklyn Mts., Lake Te Anau, coll. W. A. Thomson.

Also from Tasmania.

The original plant was found at Dusky Sound by D. Menzies, in 1791.

Chiloscyphus cuneistipulus Steph.

St., Hedwig, 1893, p. 322; Spec. Hep. vol. III. p. 243.

Plants dioicous, greenish brown to brown when dry, soft-looking, in sprawly mats. Stems much branched, pinnately or fasciculately, to 5 cm., rhizoids numerous. Leaves 1.5 mm., imbricate or densely so, often smaller at the middle or top of the stem, ovate-triangular, ventral margin arched, dorsal sloping decurrent; apex ca. one-third as broad as the base, teeth sometimes setaceous, diverging or parallel, sinus shallow or obliquely lunate. Stipules broader than tall, almost straight across the top, or with a shallow sinus; laciniae widely diverging, each with a lateral spine. Cells ca. 30–40 μ, hexagonal, trigones

none, or very small. Perianth lateral, deeply lobed, lobes laciniate-toothed. Androecia on spicate branches, pinnate along the stem, bracts in six pairs, bidentate.

The base of the leaf is so wide that it stretches in part, over the bases of three or four other leaves.

At first sight, this plant is easily confused with Lophocolea trialata G., both having the same appearance, and the leaves and stipules being the same shape. But the perianths of the Lophocolea, though terminal on lateral branches, are very characteristic, being long with winged angles. It is also monoicous, the androecia being intercalary; whereas, so far I have seen only spicate androecia on the Chiloscyphus. Apart from the fruiting characteristics, the leaves of the Lophocolea are quite opposite, with the leaves connate on both sides; while the Chiloscyphus leaves are somewhat alternate, with the stipule free on one side. The Lophocolea has larger cells and bifid stipules.

A plant from Karamea, Nelson coll. Miss Foot, has very crowded leaves. Stephani describes the leaves as “conferta.” His perianths, too, are more strongly laciniate than those I have seen. Helms, Petrie, and Kirk are mentioned as having collected his plants.

Localities of my specimens are: Ohau-iti River, No. 7269 P. R. B. Herb., Mt. Hector, No. 7483 P. R. B. Herb., both coll. V. D. Zotov. Rimutaka, No. 6046 P. R. B. Herb., coll. T. -Kirk. Waikaremoana coll. A. L. Hodgson. In bush Taupo District, coll. K. W. Allison.^*

Chiloscyphus coalitus (Hook.) Nees

Jungermannia coalita Hook., Musci Exotici, t. 123, 1818; Nees, Hep. Jav., 1830; Tayl. Lond. Journ. of Bot., 1844; Chiloscyphus coalitus G., L., et N., Syn. Hep., p. 180 et 706 (Supp.). Mitt., Fl. Nov. Zel., II, 141, 1855; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II, p. 516, 1867; St., Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 242; Rod., Tas. Bry., II, p. 55. C. epibryus Col., Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. XXI, 1888. C. spruceanus Col. Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. XXI, 1888.

Plants dioicous, usually sterile, medium to robust, variable, yellow-brown to dark green, in flat patches. Stems to 6 cm., but shorter when in compact masses, often black, creeping, usually on rotten logs, branched. Leaves ovate-quadrate, imbricate, subsymmetrical, opposite, truncate, bidentate, teeth consisting of from 4–7 single cells, from a base 2–3 cells broad; margins entire, may be decurved towards the apex, giving the leaves a twisted, triangular appearance, or may be slightly outwardly curved. Stipules short, 4–6 toothed, broadly connate, with the leaves. Cells ca. 35 μ, hexagonal, no trigones. ♀ bracts on numerous spicate amenta along the stem. Perianths obscured by the leaves, about twice as tall as broad, mouth sub-entire or three-lobed, lobes variously toothed, teeth usually small. Invol. leaves very small, bi- or trifid, segments toothed, teeth short or long, also one or two lateral ones. Cells larger than in the ordinary leaves, basal may be ca. 70 × 30 μ.

The plants vary in appearance. Longer stems with larger leaves, apparently from damper localities, may be dark green or brown,

with larger cells and of a softer texture, but the widely and shortly connate stipules are fairly constant. A lax, dark green plant from rain forest, Westland, coll. M. Berry and H. M. Hodgson, which must be this plant, has spherical perianths. Regarding this, Mr Allison comments: “The ‘spherical perianths’ appear to me to be pathological abnormalities. I dissected two and could see no archegonia, and certainly no capsule at any stage of its growth. The growths might, for instance, be galls caused by mites.”

Some of the larger plants come very near to C. oblongifolius Tayl., and can be distinguished only by the stipules, which in that plant are bifid, and more longly and narrowly connate with the leaves.

A common and widespread plant, usually on humus or rotting logs. Found also in Tasmania, Eastern Australia, Java and the Caroline Islands.

Chiloscyphus allodontus (Tayl.) Hodgson, comb. nov.

Jungermannia allodonta Tayl., Lond. Journ. of Bot., p. 382, 1844; Fl, Ant., p. 155, 1847; Lophocolea allodonta G. L. et N., Syn. Hep., 163; Mitt., Fl. Nov. Zel., II, p. 137; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II, p. 511, 1867; Rod., Tas. Bry., II, p. 47, 1916; St. Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 94. Chiloscyphus piperitus Mitt. Fl. Nov. Zel. II, p. 141, 1855; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II. p. 517, 1867; St. Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 239.

Plants dioicous, usually sterile, robust, pale to dull green, creeping, matted, variable in size. Stems 2 ½–5 cm., creeping, with tufts of rhizoids, sometimes curiously shaped. Leaves to 2 mm. on some stems, smaller on others, at base almost as broad, ovate-oblong to subquadrate, rounded to a sub-truncate, two-dentate apex, teeth small or ciliiform; flat, horizontal, sub-alternate, somewhat imbricate, dorsal margin slightly decurrent at base; somewhat membraneous with a vitreous appearance. Stipules small, two-partite, segments lanceolate-acuminate, diverging, sometimes with a lateral tooth; free or narrowly connate on one side with leaf. Cells ca. 30–40 μ, trigones minute. Perianth large, cup-shaped, mouth sinuous, lacerate. ciliate. Invol. leaves small, bifid, toothed.

Till now this plant has been classified as a Lophocolea; but a fruiting specimen from near the Russell-Whangarei Road coll. V. W. Lindauer, with large lateral chiloscyphoid perianths, unquestionably places it in Chiloscyphus. Moreover, Mitten placed his Chiloscyphus piperitus in this genus, and the drawing and description of this plant in the Flora Novae Zelandiae show clearly that it is a small form of C. allodontus. The plants vary in size, and robust plants will often have branches with much smaller leaves. Mr Lindauer's plant is particularly pale in colour, almost white in fact, and creeping on rotting wood, which is the usual habitat of this species.

Can be recognised by the broad, horizontal, sub-quadrate leaves, and the small bifid stipules with lanceolate segments.

Creeping on humus or dead wood in bush throughout the North Island; also Auckland Islands and Tasmania. There do not seem to be any recorded stations from the South Island.

Chiloscyphus oblongifolius (Tayl.) G. L. et N.

Jungermannia oblongifolia Tayl., Lond. Journ. of Bot., p. 563, 1845; Chiloscyphus oblongfolius, G. L. et N., Syn. Hep., p. 706; St., Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 243. Lophocolea colensoi Mitt., Fl. Nov. Zel., II, p. 138, 1855; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II, p. 509, 1867. Chiloscyphus colensoi Mitt., Handb. N.Z. Fl. Add. & Corr., p. 753, 1867; St., Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 243.

Plants robust, usually sterile, pale to dark or brownish green. Stems 5–7 cm., widely creeping, simple or branched, often black, dorsal surface flat, almost grooved, with leaves inserted near to the outside edge, as it were; ventral surface convex, with numerous rhizoids which often obscure the stipules. Leaves 3 mm. long, opposite or sub-opposite, oblong-ovate, imbricate, about half of each leaf covered by the one above it; marginal ends rounded to a truncate bidentate apex, teeth sometimes obsolete; dorsal margin decurrent. Stipules small in comparison with, the leaves, emarginate-bifid, segments tapering, narrowly triangular, each with one or two lateral teeth; scarcely, or narrowly and longly, or rarely, even widely connate with the leaves below them, one side often somewhat lower than the other. Cells apical ca. 40 μ, basal to about 70 μ. Trigones O. Androecia on amenta, lateral on ♂ stems.

In the Appendix to the Handbook, under Chiloscyphus colensoi, Mitten describes the perianth as “short, campanulate; lips toothed, not exserted beyond the leaves.”

C. oblongifolius was reduced by Mitten to C. sinuous Nees, but these species are quite distinct; and one can only assume that there was a mixture in the specimen which Mitten saw. Stephani, who has drawn and described Hooker's original plant in his Species Hepaticarum, restored Taylor's name. Mitten, meeting the same species later, described it first as Lophocolea and then as Chiloscyphus colensoi. Stephani's drawing and description make it quite clear which plant is this species, and the plant in Mitten's Herbarium called C. colensoi is identical with this.

The only species with which C. oblongifolius can be confused is the large form of C. coalitus, but in that species the leaves are less imbricate, and not so regular, and the stipules are not bifid, but are more evenly toothed. The habitat of C. oblongifolius seems to be on rooty humus and rotting logs.

My specimens are from North Auckland coll. H. B. Matthews, Pool's Gully, near Russell, coll. V. W. Lindauer; Ohau-iti R., coll. V. D. Zotov, No. 7259 P. R. B. Herb.; Stewart Island, coll. Mrs J. D. Smith. Also from Titirangi, Auckland, coll. E. D. Swanberg.

Other plants placed here have now been removed to C. coalitus.

The type was collected at Bay of Islands by Sir Joseph Hooker.

Chiloscyphus physanthus (Tayl.) Mitt.

Jungermannia physantha Tayl., Lond. Journ. of Bot., 1844; Raoul, Choix, 1846; G. L. et N., Syn. Hep., p. 700. Chiloscyphus physanthus Mitt., Fl. Nov. Zel., II, p. 141, 1855; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II, p. 517, 1867; St., Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 242. Chiloscyphus epiphytus Col. Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. XXIX, p. 61, 1888. Lophocolea filicicola St. Journ. Linn. Soc., 1892. Chiloscyphus filicicolus St., Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 239. Rod., Tas. Bry., 1916.

Plants dioicous, in flattish tufts, medium, yellow to brownish green. Stems to 5 cm., usually less, procumbent, straight to flexuous,

simple or more usually branched, tufts of rhizoids numerous. Leaves sub-rigid, glistening, small or large according to the size of the plant, variable, broadly ovate to rectangular-ovate, often connivent, sub-alternate, slightly imbricate, dorsal margin somewhat decurrent, ventral arched, sometimes armed with a tooth; bidentate, sinus obtuse, lunate or shallow; laciniae broadly triangular at base, short or filiform, parallel or diverging. Stipules deeply bifid, with a lateral tooth near the base; on robust specimens segments long and tapering; narrowly connate on both sides to leaves, one side lower than the other. Cells variable, 30–50 μ, rounded, with trigones. ♂ inflorescence of two kinds, usually intercalary on stems, but one plant noted has a long branch with these, and in addition, numerous short, spicate branches with androecia. The intercalary bracts may be in few or many pairs, at the base or apex of a stem, or median, and are toothed similarly to the leaves. Perianth lateral, short, almost as broad as long, campanulate, inflated, mouth dentate-lacerate. Invol. leaves small, four-lobed. Invol. stipule deeply bifid. A specimen gathered locally has perianths both lateral and terminal, but this does not seem to be usual.

Chiloscyphus floribundus St., Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 240, Although I have not actually included this name in the synonomy, I fully believe that it belongs here, judging from the drawing and description. However, there is no doubt whatever about Stephani's C. filicicolus being this plant.

Mitten's Leioscyphus repens has long been a stumbling block. The piece from his Herbarium forwarded under this name is certainly C. physanthus, but there is a note to say that Mitten's packet is labelled Leptoscyphus lophocoleoides Mitt. (Mitten later changed his name of Leptoscyphus to Leioscyphus). There is however, no New Zealand plant that I am aware of called by this name. If the specimen is the real Leioscyphus repens Mitt., and there is no reason to suppose that it is not, that that name must also be included in the synonomy.

C. epiphytus Col., No. a 1302 is also C. physanthus. In the Linnean Journal of 1892, Stephani has wrongly-reduced it to Lophocolea biciliata (Tayl.) Mitt.

Though non-fruiting specimens of this species may be confused with species of Lophocolea, the brownish, glistening leaves, often connivent, i.e., with dorsal faces appressed or nearly so, at right angles to the stem, will generally serve to distinguish it.

A common North Island plant, in grass and scrub lands and open bush. The type was gathered at Bay of Islands by Sir J. D. Hooker, as was also the plant described by Mitten as Leioscyphus repens.

Chiloscyphus chlorophyllus (Tayl.) Mitt.

Jungermannia chlorophylla Tayl., Lond. Journ. of Bot., p. 562, 1844.

Lophocolea chlorophylla G. L. et N., Syn. Hep., p. 698 (Supp.).

Chiloscyphus chlorophyllus Mitt., Fl. Nov. Zel., II, 139, 1855; Handb. N.Z. Fl., II, p. 517, 1867; St., Spec. Hep., vol. III, p. 250.

Caule repente, ramoso, foliis imbricatis, ovatis, apice sinu parvo, rotundato, bicuspidato, margine dorsale integerrimo, ventrali apicem 1–2 dentato, amphigastriis ovatis, apice brevi bidentatis lateribus duobus parvis instctis, perianthium campanulatum, ore laciniis,