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Goodrich, E. S., 1909. A Treatise on Zoology, ed. E. R. Lankester. Pt. IX. Cyolostomes and Fishes. London.

—– 1930. The Structure and Development of Vertebrates. London.

Marples, B. J., 1936, 1. The Subcutaneous Venous System of the Common Dogfish, Scyliorhinus (Scyllium) caniculus. Proc. Zool. Soc. Land., pp. 317–329.

—– 1936, 2. The Blood Vascular System of the Elasmobranch Fish Squatina sguatina (Linné). Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. Iviii, pp. 817–840.

O'Donoghue, C. H., 1914. The Venous System of the Dogfish Scyllium canioula. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., xxix, pp. 435–453.

—– and Abbott, E., 1928. The Blood Vascular System of the Spiny Dogfish Squalus aoanthias Linné and Squalus sucklii Grill. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. lv, pp. 823–890.

Pabker, T. J., 1881. On the Venous System of the Skate Raja nasuta. Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. xiii, pp. 413–418.

Rand, H. W., and Ulrich, J. L., 1905. The Posterior Connections of the Lateral Veins of the Skate. Amer. Nat., vol. xxix, pp. 349–364.

Whitlet, G. B., 1940. Fishes of Australia, Pt. 1. Sharks, etc. Sydney.