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Volume 76, 1946-47
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Endemic Mosses.

Bellia, Bryodixonia, Hennediella, and Tetraphidopsis certainly and Archephemeropsis and Cryptopodium probably are endemic genera. Orthorrhynchium, if validly distinct from Phyllogonium, is likewise endemic; if also, as has been suggested by Dixon, a South American moss has possibly been wrongly placed in the genus, then Dendroligotrichum becomes an endemic genus also. Of these genera Hennediella is apparently restricted to the eastern side of the South Island, and Bryodixonia to Mount Egmont, but Bellia and Tetraphidopsis are widespread. The other genera are likewise widespread save that Archephemeropsis has not been found north of the Volcanic Plateau or south of Nelson and Marlborough, while Dendroligotrichum is wholly subalpine.

One hundred and ninety-seven (or 37%) of the 533 mosses representing the Bryales are endemic, 45.5% of the Andreales, and probably one-third of the Sphagnales. Of the endemic Bryales, 46 are

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known only from a single Botanical District. These are indicated in Table I. Future research will undoubtedly add still further to the moss flora and extend the known range of many species, but the endemic element can safely be placed at or slightly under 40%.

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Table I.
Mosses Restricted in New Zealand to One Botanical District.
Botanical District. Endemic. Non-endemic.
North Auckland Archidium elatum
Thames (sub-district) Dicnemoloma incanum, Rhychostegium fragilicuspis, Stereodon maculosus Thamnium eflagellare
South Auckland Bryum chrysoneuron var. luteolimbatum, Pleuridium curvulum Bryum laevigatulum, Pottia sub-physcomitrioides, Sematophyllum aciculum
Volcanic Plateau Eurhynchium ellipticifolium, Fissidens allisonii, Webera elatior Stereodon oupressiformis var. resupinatus, Tetraphis browniana, Zygodon rufescens
Egmont-Wanganui Bryodixonia perichaelialis Ulota pygmaeothecia
East Cape Bartramia alaris, Meesia novae-zealandiae, Thamnium baculiferum, Tortula flavinervis var. gigantea Aloina sullivaniana, Amblystegium juratzkanum (?), Brachymenium wattsii, Bryum curvicollum var. extenuatum, Sainsburia novae-zealandiae, Triquetrella curvifolia, T. filoformis
Ruahine-Cook Ta [ unclear: ] thelium novae-zealandiae Cryphaea ovalifolia
Sounds-Nelson Pylaisia australis
North-western Bryum tenuidens, Funaria helmsii, Sematophyllum dallii, Tortula viridipila
North-eastern Ulora rufula
Western Andreaea microvaginata, Dit [ unclear: ] ichum vaginata var. longifolia Brachythecium subplicatum, Rhacomitrium striatipilum, Stereodon cupressiformis var. elatus
Eastern Andreaea australis var. mitchellii, Bartramia crassinervia, Conostomum giganteum, Coscinodon australis, Dicranella cyrtodonta, Dicranum mackayi (?), Grimmia argentea, Seligeria diminuta, Ulota bellii var. longicolla, Weisia weymouthii var. lancifolia Bartramia robusta, Thamnium pumilum (?)
Banks Andreaea schimperi, Astomum austrocrispum var. longifolium, Orthotrichum austropulchellum, Pottia alfredii, P. serrata
North Otago Pottia areolata Saelania glaucescens
Fiord Macromitrium hectori, Ulota bellii, Ulota viridis var. adpressa
South Otago Camptochaete aciphylla, Campylopus novae-zealandiae, Grimmia inaequalis, Thamnium latifolium var. elongatum
Stewart Trematodon mackayi
Mosses endemic to one Botanical District = 37 species + 9 varieties 46
Other Mosses restricted to one Botanical District = 20 species + 3 varieties 23
—
Total 69
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Table II.
Data Concerning the Indigenous Moss Flora of the New Zealand Mainland (Sphagnaceae omitted).
Species Varieties. Total. %
Mosses indigenous to the New Zealand mainland 493 51 544 100
Mosses endemic to the New Zealand mainland 181 21 202 37
Mosses indigenous to the North Island 424 37 461 85
Mosses indigenous to the South Island 424 36 460 85
Mosses indigenous to Stewart Island 75 6 81 14.3
Mosses restricted in New Zealand to North Island 57 14 71 13.2
Mosses restricted in New Zealand to South Island 05 10 75 13.8
Mosses restricted in New Zealand to Stewart Island 1 0 1 0
Endemic mosses restricted to North Island 28 8 36 6.6
Endemic mosses restricted to South Island 47 8 55 10
Endemic mosses restricted to one Botanical District 37 9 46 8.1
Non-endemic Mosses restricted to one Botanical District 23 4 27 5
Mosses not yet noted north of the Volcanic Plateau 209 25 234 43
Mosses restricted in N.Z. to area north of Volcanic Plateau 6 1 7 1.3
Mosses not ranging south into Otago 184 32 216 40
Mosses restricted to Otago and Southland 6 2 8 1.4
Mosses ranging from North Auckland to Southland 131 9 140 25.7
     Total known Moss Flora including Sphagnum spp. as listed in Dixon's Studies 513 54 567 —

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Table III.
Data Concerning the known Moss Flora of the Botanical Districts (omitting the Sphagnaccae). Botanical Districts. Species and Varieties hitherto reported First Records supplied by G. O. K. Sainsbury. First Records from Dominion Museum Herbarium. First Records from Auckland Museum Herbarium First Records from Otago Museum Herbarium First Records from Author's Herbarium. Total records from All Sources.
North Auckland 144 27 1 20 1 0 193
Thames (sub-district) 54 84 3 14 19 2 176
South Auckland 163 24 35 13 7 0 242
Volcanic Plateau 200 104 6 6 0 0 316
Egmont-Wanganui 24 144 12 0 0 0 180
East Cape 111 189 3 0 0 2 305
Ruahine-Cook 246 40 16 6 1 5 314
Sounds-Nelson 22 52 2 0 0 8 84
North-western 71 74 1 1 11 10 168
North-eastern 34 170 3 1 1 2 211
Western 75 67 22 13 0 63 240
Eastern 296 23 1 4 0 7 331
Banks (sub-district) 87 13 1 21 0 0 122
North Otago 45 13 19 7 0 0 84
Fiord 105 19 7 1 0 2 134
South Otago 207 37 29 7 0 1 281
Stewart 72 7 2 0 0 0 81
Totals 1956 1087 163 114 40 102 3462
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