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Descriptions of New Species
Chiloscyphus circumdentatus Martin and Hodgson sp. nov.
Planta sterilis, pulvinata cum aliis hepaticis, pallide brunnescente-viridis. Caulis ea. 1·5 cm., irregulariter ramosus, parum flexuosus. Folia caulinis opposita, imbricata, secunda, quadrato-rotundata vel latissime ovata, marginibus spinoso-dentatis, apicibus duobus spinis longioribus. Amphigastria imbricata, convexa, reniformia, dentata, utrinque cum foliis connata. Cellulae porosae, inaequales, ca. 20–35μ, parietibus interdum nodulosis, trigonis magnis.
This species has all the appearance of a spinose C. menziesii (Syn. C. bidentatus), but the stipules, instead of being small, ovate and ± bidentate, are reniform and toothed as in C. billardieri. Although the latter is very variable, this new species is of smaller size, and has leaves too rounded and flat-margined to belong there.
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Moss mounds in forest near mouth of Pegasus Creek, Stewart Island.
Photo, Wm. Martin.
Mounds of mosses and hepatics at 1,000 ft. alt., Pryse's Peak, Stewart Island.
Photo, Wm. Martin.
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On trees and logs in forest, Port Pegasus, 9/1/49, W. Martin 453; forming part of small cushion on limbs of trees and on logs, 1,000 ft., Pryse's Peak, 15/2/47, W. Martin A.460.
Chiloscyphus erraticus Martin and Hodgson sp. nov.
Planta sterilis, flavo- bis brunneo-viridis, vage pulvinata. Caulines ad 6 cm., simplices vel parum ramosi, laxe intricati, cum aliis hepaticis mixti. Folia imbricata, opposita, 1–1·5 mm., ovata, rotudato- vel oblongo-ovata, margine ventrale arcuatiore quam dorsale, plus minus undulato (siccato), apicibus multo variabilus, obtusis, cuspidatis, bi- vel unidentato-truncatis. Amphigastria parva, variabilia, ovato-quadrata, 2–4 denticulato-truncata. Cellulae rotundatae, ca. 30μ, trigonis parvis.
This species resembles C. beckettianus St. in its quadrate and connate stipules and opposite leaves, but the leaf-apices are very variable as in C. compactus Col. (Syn. Leioscyphus irregularis St.). It may be a cross between the 2 species, but its discovery in 2 widely separated localities, together with its robust size, point to its being a good species.
Part of a composite bryophyte cushion 1,000 ft., Pryse's Peak, 15/2/47. W. Martin A 462; near forest margin, 2,000 ft., Table Hill, W. Martin, 5/2/47; boggy ground, Table Hill top, Feb. 1947; bed of tributary of Pegasus Creek in dense forest, 5/1/49, W. Martin 481.
Lembidium insulanum Martin and Hodgson sp. nov.
Planta dioica, mediocre robusta, dilute virens, dendroidea, caespitosa. Caulis 3 cm., erectus, ramosus, e basi flagellis numerosis, primariis ramis caulis similibus, superne pinnatim ramulosis, incurvatis et apice convolutis. Folia caulinis et ramorum principalium ca. 1·2 mm., laxe imbricata, verticalia, ovata, hyalina et fragilia, appressa, apice brevissime 2–4 dentato. Amphigastria similia. Cellulae medianae ovaliae vel rectangulariae, ca. 45 x 25μ, basales elongatae. Folia ramulorum ovata, ca. 0·5 mm., imbricata, concava, patentia, apicibus breve 2–4–dentatis. Cellulae rotundatae, marginales ca. 15μ, medianae ca. 25μ. Amphigastria minora, simillia. Androecia numerosa, in ramula parva, curvatim patula, vermiculata, pallentia, bractiis imbricatis, concavis, breve bidentatis, monandris. Cellulae laxae, hyalinae.
This notable new plant differs from L. tenax (Grev.) St. in the absence of cilia at the bases of leaves and stipules, and in the shortly dentate leaf apices. It is possible that these 2 with their dendroid habit may constitute a new genus.
On logs and on ground near waterfall, Pegasus Creek, 9/1/49, 568, type; on ground, forest floor, Tin Range, 14/1/49, 543; subalpine forest, Table Hill, 5/2/47, A 512; on log in forested area, head of Crooked Reach, Port Pegasus, 21/1/49, 657, all coll. W. Martin.
Plagiochila simpsonii Martin and Hodgson (sp. nov.)
Planta parva dioica. Caulis flexuosus, 1–1·5 cm., simplex vel parum ramosus, apice parum recurvo. Rami interdum flagelliformes. Folia canlina oblique obovato-quadrata, patula vel appressa et secunda, normaliter biloba; lobo dorsali angusto, curvato, interdum acuminato,
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sinu oblique lunato; margine ventrali areuato, lobato-serrato; margine dorsali decurrente, curvato, plano. Folia ramulina, patula, biloba, lobis sub-aequalibus, margine dorsali sub-stricto, ventrali parum arcuato. Cellulae formis variis, marginales ca. 18μ, medianae majores, ea. 35μ, trigonis confluentibus. Folia floralia caulinus, majora, simillima. Perianthium oblongum, ca. 2 mm. x 1 mm., ore dentato.
Plants small, olive to dark green. Stem flexuous, 1–1·5 cm., or with few branches, curved backwards a little at the apex. Branches varying in size to flagelliform. Cauline leaves spreading, or imbricate and dorsally second, light green at the extremity of the stem, gradually increasing in size upwards, obliquely obovate-quadrate, normally bilobed; the dorsal or antical lobe narrow, curved, in a continuous line with the dorsal margin of the leaf; the ventral or postical lobe made up of several secondary lobes, or with marginal teeth or sub-entire; dorsal margin decurrent, flat, curved; ventral margin arched (in outline). The branch leaves and those on the lesser stems, contiguous to remote, bi-lobed to nearly ½, strongly resembling those of Sphenolobus perigonalis in both shape and direction; dorsal margin nearly straight, ventral a little arched. Areolation distinct with cells all separate, cell-cavities clear or more usually with a characteristically pitted appearance. Basal cells clongate with sinuous walls. Invol. leaves resembling the cauline, increasing in size to the uppermost pair. Perianth narrow-oblong to oblong.
Head of L. Manapouri to Willmott Pass, G. Simpson, Dec.-Jan. 1945–46, H 841 Herb. K. W. Allison, type, Preservation Inlet (Long Sound), H 156 Fiordland Excursion collection. Epiphytic on forest trees, Pegasus, Stewart Is., 443, 454, 678, 696, 9/1/49; epiphyte, Pryse's Peak, Stewart Is., Feb. 1947, all coll. W. Martin.
The flat appressed leaves receding from the dorsal side of the stem, with the curved leaf-lobes, give this species a very distinctive look.
The above description is from a manuscript list of hepatics collected by members of the Fiordland Excursion, and is here published with the kind permission of Dr. H. H. Allan.