1st 2 paraeopods a deep blood-red colour. This vivid colouration of the ventral thoracic portion is very distinctive and persistent.

Sideplate of gnathopod 1 covers head to just below eyes; the antennae are very long, the 2nd the longest; the 1st urosome segment has a distinct keel preceded by a notch.

Length 21 mm., depth 6 mm., width 5 mm.

Antennae. First: Peduncle short, 1st segment stout, as wide as long, 3 times length 2nd segment, 4 times 3rd, these last 2 narrower; 1st strongly setose on inferior and inferodistal margins; 2nd and 3rd inferiorly setose and spine-setose. Flagellum of about 40 segments, proximal ones short and wide, distal ones long and narrow, superiorly naked; inferior margins of 1st 12 are strongly setose and spine-setose, the setae becoming less profuse until the 12th which has 4 long spine-setae only, the next 4 segments have small tufts of short setae on angle, the last of the 4 has a strong spine; setae less obvious on rest of segments and absent from most. Second: Peduncle 2nd segment has accompanying gland cone which reaches past end of 3rd; 2nd and 3rd segments much wider than long, 3rd has strong setae and long spine-setae superodistally; 4th nearly as wide as long, 5 long slender spine-setae on surface proximally, superior margin has shorter but quite profuse setae; inferodistal angle has single long spine-seta; superodistal angle produced a little along 5th, 5th slightly longer, width ½ length; numerous short fine setae on superior margin, inferior has 9–10 short fine plumose setae; flagellum of about 60 segments, distally filiform, each segment has short tuft of setae superodistally.

Mouthparts. Upper Lip: Asymmetrical, distally rounded with slight notch, the left side the longer. Lower Lip: Outer plates long, not very wide, margins finely bristled especially end and inner; inner distal angle has slight spur projection; mandibular process strong and acute, not strongly curved. First Maxilla: Inner plate short and conical with strong distal tuft of finely plumose long spine-setae, superior margin finely bristled; outer an expanded wide plate with 17 stout teeth on end margin, a very thick brush of fine bristles across inferodistal a angle. Palp 1st segment small and subrectangular; 2nd quickly expanded into wide ovate fan with strongly concave margin armed with about 20 very small single spines, merging into more or less straight end margin which is crenulate and coarsely toothed, defined from inner by small strong spine inferodistally; the segment has a blunt somewhat thumb-like process proximally on the inner surface near the outer margin forming a protective pocket and guard which overlap, and protects the outer plate. Second Maxillae: Plates large, flat and ovate; outer arising above inner and facing inwards so it overlaps inner somewhat; inner the wider with strongly spine-setose margins; outer distally spine-setose, inner lateral margin has about 17 strong spines, 1 or 2 short setae between bases of each pair of spines. Maxilliped: Plates large, flat; inner subrectangular, reaching about ⅓ along outer, long spine-setae down cleft margin especially proximally, fringe of short spine-setae along end margin; outer plates ovate, reaching as far as propod base, fringed with long fine spine-setae, distal ones especially long. Basos, ischium and merus outer margins strongly fringed with long setae, a few long setae on merus inner margin; merus width ⅖ length, about ¾ carpus length. Carpus width ⅖ length, inner margin more or less straight with about 16 long setae; oater convex with about 5 strong finely-combed spines marginally, 1 on mid-surface, 5 on outer distal angle. Propod as long, greatest width at ⅓ is about

⅖ length, distally narrowing to dactylos, inner margin has about 6 fine combed spines, inner distal angle has 3 strong spines and outer about 6, convex outer margin has 4 sets of 2–4 spines. Dactylos a short slightly curved spike with 1 or 2 fine setae near tip. Mandibles: Wide, flat, end margin a strong adze-like cutting edge with slightly produced outer distal angle, small notch near inner distal angle separating off a blunt tooth; left has strong fan-shaped accessory plate with several strong teeth, a distinct condyle above palp base (this may be present on right but damaged in my specimen); right lacks accessory. Palp very slender, 1st segment small, subrectangular, 2nd about 3 times as long, width ⅕ length, fine-combed spines along most of superior margin especially distally, some bristles;

Text-Fig 3.—Cacao sanguineus n. sp. Female. 25— Peraeopod 1. 26—Peraeopod 1 propod posterior margin 27—Peraeopod 3. 28—Peraeopod 3 propod anterior margin. 29—Peraeopod 4 sideplate and basos. 30—Epirmeral plates. 31—Uropod 1.32—Uropod 1, pectinate ramus margin and spines. 33—Uropod 3.34—Uropod 3. fine-combed ramus margin and spines.
35—Telson.

3rd about ⅖ length 2nd, narrower, blunt-ended with spines all along superior margin.

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Gnathopods. First: Sideplate expanded somewhat fan-wise; proximal width barely more than ⅓ length but expanded strongly below basos insertion so distally as wide as long, angles rounded, margins naked except for setose portion above basos insertion on posterior; anterior concave, others slightly convex. Basos about ¾ sideplate length, margins strongly setose, sinuous especially anterior, widening somewhat distally to ⅓ length. Ischium wide and short, about ⅛ basos length, setose and spine-setose posteriorly; merus ⅓ basos length, width not ⅓ length, subrectangular, distal angles slightly bluntly produced, long spine-setae and setae posteriorly. Carpus ovate, margins strongly convex, ½ basos length, width ¾ length, strongly spine-setose interiorly, spine-setae have finely-combed margins, 4 spines on anterior margin, several on surface and anterior ½ of distal margin. Propod ovate, narrowing to dactylos, greatest width ¾ length, length ⅓ basos, strong fine-combed spines along posterior margin, on anterior ½ of distal margin, most of way across surface from anterior margin in 4 distinct rows. Dactylos a short stout spike, ½ propod length. Second: Sideplate subrectangular, long and narrow with characteristic crook and slight widening above basos insertion, distal width not ¼ length, margins parallel; 1 or 2 short fine setae above rounded anterodistal angle, posterior margin has 6 or 7 long fine setae below basos, angles rounded. Rest generally like Gn 1; basos not quite ¾ sideplate length, width ¾ length; ischium about 1/7 basos, merus ⅓ basos, width ⅔ length, carpus slightly more than ½ basos, width ⅔ length; propod width ¾ length, length 2/7 basos; the difference in carpus the most noticeable. Gills as long, twice as wide as basos.

Peraeopods First: Sideplate as in Gn. 2, proximal width ⅓ length, distal width not ¼ length. Basos about ⅔ sideplate length, fine setae anteroproximally, long setae on posterior margin, 2 long spine-setae on posterodistal angle. Ischium subrectangular, slightly longer than wide, nearly ¼ basos, 4 or 5 spine-setae posterodistally. Merus somewhat piriform, ½ basos length, width ½ length, slightly convex anterior margin has 5 or 6 short spines, 3 or 4 on slightly produced angle; posterior has 4 groups of 1–3 spine-setae, 2 on angle, row of 3 or 4 on posterior surface. Carpus as long, width nearly ½ length, subrectangular, spines much is in merus but more of them on surface and posterodistal angle, spines fine-combed. Propod slightly longer, not as wide, narrowing to dactylos, slightly convex anterior margin has about 5 small spines, long strong spine on distal angle; about 3 down mid-surface, about 12 sets of 1 to mostly 4 spines on posterior margin; dactylos quite stout, slightly curved, not long. Second: Sideplate anterior ⅓ has parallel margins, posterior then widens to distinct rounded tooth medially, distal ⅓ of posterior truncate and slightly concave, plate narrowing obliquely to rounded anterodistal angle; proximal width ⅔ length, width at tooth level ½ length; surface below basos insertion quite strongly setose. Otherwise like Pr 1. Third. Sideplate wider than deep, posterior lobe only slightly the larger Basos slightly longer, width ½ length, margins subparallel, anterior has long setae proximally, shorter spine-setae distally, posterior naked; 7–8 spines on flange arising medially above ischium posteroproximal insertion. Ischium subrectangular, longer than wide, ¼ basos length, 3 short spines on anterior margin. Merus ¾ basos length, width ⅓ length, somewhat piriform, anterior margin has 5 fine spines, posterior 7 or 8 short spines, 2 on posterodistal angle Carpus as long, slightly narrower, anterior margin has 6 sets of 1–2 spines, 3

or 4 spines about distal angle; posterior margin naked. Propod linear, twice carpus length, width less than 1/10th length, about 6 short spines on posterior margin, about 24 sets of 1 or 2 spines along anterior. Dactylos a slender slightly curved spike, a few very fine setae on anterior margin. Fourth: Sideplate a little deeper posteriorly; basos median flange has about 12 distinct spines reaching ½ up basos, setae right along anterior margin, quite profuse proximally. Fifth: Sideplate small. Basos ovate-rectangular, width ⅔ length of anterior margin, strongly setose anteriorly; spined distally and on anterodistal surface; posterior margin has several very minute setae; posterior surface distally expanded past merus base, margins only slightly convex. Ischium about ⅕ basos length, slightly wider than long; anterior margin has 3 spines, distal angle a row of about 5; merus width ⅓ length, almost as long as basos, 6 spines on proximal ½ of slightly convex posterior margin, about 12 sets of 1–4 spines on straight anterior margin. Carpus as long as basos anterior margin, width ¼ length, margins straight and parallel, anterior has 6 sets of 6–8 fine-combed spines each, posterior a few very small setae. Propod as wide, slightly longer than basos and ischium combined, margins straight and parallel, anterior has 6 or 7 rows of 5–8 spines proximally, tailing distally into numerous single and paired marginal spines; posterior naked. Dactylos modified to sublanceolate basos-length segment, almost as wide as propod for most of length, posterior margin naked except for about 4 minute setae near tip; anterior has about 12 stout spines, 4 or 5 setae near blunt tip, the margin alongside spines finely combed.

Epimeral Plates. First: More or less ovate with parallel lateral margins, 2 long fine setae posterodistally. Second: Subrectangular, deeper than wide, ventral margin slightly concave, lateral ones sinuous and parallel; the posterior proximally convex, distally concave; posterodistal angle very sharp and slightly produced, a diagonal suture running across plate from it; very long fine setae on anterior margin. Third: Wider than deep, widening considerably distally, anterior margin proximally concave, distally convex, with long fine setae proximally, ventral margin more or less straight, posterior straight and oblique so posterodistal angle acute but not produced except in very general way. Pleopods normal.

Uropods Biramous, rami lanceolate, inner ramus has median ridge ventrally which forms pocket with outer margin to receive base of outer ramus, the rami thus imbricating. First: Rami and peduncle subequal, 20–30 short stout spines along margins of each; those on inner margin of inner ramus longer than rest, especially proximally, outer margin of same very finely pectinate. Second: Rami longer than peduncle, outer the shorter, has about 20 spines on each margin, inner margin finely combed; inner has about 30 spines on each margin, outer margin finely pectinate; peduncle has about 12 long spines on inner dorsal margin, 10 shorter spines on distal ½ of outer Third: Rami subequal, 3 times peduncle length, about 16 long spine-setae on peduncle inner margin; inner ramus has about 30 short spines on inner margin, 20 on outer; outer ramus has about 35 spines on inner margin, 30 on outer, margins distally pectinate except inner margin of outer ramus which is finely combed most of length Telson: Narrows distally, slightly longer than basal width; end margin slightly concave.

Type. Slides P.111, ovigerous female. Paratypes: Female in Portobell Marine Biological Station Collection; female in personal collection.