Antennae. First: Flagellum slightly longer than peduncle, of more than 6 longer-than-wide segments, each with 1 or 2 very long flaccid sensory setae; accessory flagellum of 1 segment arising from 3rd peduncle segment, as long as 1st flagellar segment, slender; 2 setae on end. Peduncle, 2nd segment ¾ length 1st, 3rd ⅔ 2nd, has only very minute bristles. Second: Flagellum longer than peduncle, of 10 segments, all longer than peduncle especially distal ones, a few fine bristle-setae on end margins; peduncle 1st segment ⅔ length 2nd, 2nd as long as 3rd, 1st has spine-seta on superodistal angle, minute teeth on margins, a few fine bristle-setae.

Mouthparts. Upper Lip: Bilobed, symmetrical. Lower Lip: Inner plates absent; outer have a few fine bristles distally, 2 small spines in inner margin distally, a larger incision and spur ½ down margin. First Maxillae: Inner plate small, seta on end. Outer has 7 stout end spines, fine bristles below innermost. Palp of 2 segments, 1st small, 2nd reaching end of outer plate, has 6 or 7 end setae. Second Maxillae: Inner plate has about 11 spine-setae on end margin, outer has 5, is more slender. Mandible: Cutting edge has numerous teeth, spine row of about 8 spines; molar process strong, wide, well-developed; left has accessory plate with several teeth; palp of 3 segments, 1st about ½ length 2nd, 2nd as wide with single seta on inner distal angle, about ¾ length 3rd, which has inwardly curved sharp tip, a few fine bristles on inner margin, a single strong spine with frayed tip about ¾. Maxillipeds: Inner plate almost reaching palp carpus, has thickened end margin, 2 small spines on inner distal surface; outer reaches almost to palp propod, inner margin more or less straight, outer convex, a stout characteristic blade-spine on outer margin near tip, a slender spine inside it, apex of plate slightly produced above both. Palp merus width ½ length, 3 spine-setae on distal ½ of inner margin, 1 distally on outer; carpus barely more than ½ merus in length, slightly narrower, strong tuft of about 8 spine-setae on inner distal angle; propod as long, slightly narrower, 2 spines on outer distal angle, 4 or 5 on inner below dactylos; dactylos a slender spike about ⅔ propod length.

Gnathopods. First: Sideplate subsquarish, anterodistal angle rounded with distinct setal notch, depth about ¾ basos. Basos width ¼ length, 1 or 2 fine setae on posterior margin, several on each of duplicated anterior margins, a few on surface. Ischium ¼ basos, slightly longer than wide, 2 fine setae posteriorly. Merus subrectangular, tending to wedge-shaped, proximal width ½ length, distally ¼ length, length nearly ½ basos, 3 strong spines on almost straight posterior margin, 5 on squarish end which somewhat under-rides carpus. Carpus subtriangular, with squarish lobe posteriorly produced ⅓ to ½ along propod, greatest width barely more than length which is about ⅖ basos; lobe has 5 spines on squarish end, 1 posteriorly a little above, 1 on surface; spine on anterior surface. Propod subrectangular, anterior margin a little convex, 1 and 2 spines on surface anterodistally below dactylos base; palm slightly convex and oblique, finely sawtoothed and merging into straight posterior, 2 strong spines on one surface posterodistally but well below angle, 3 on other; distal width ½ length, proximally narrower; length nearly ¾ basos. Dactylos curved inner margin has strong tooth about 2/3, 12 or so very fine teeth on margin inside this, dactylos quite strong to tip. Second: Sideplate ovate-rectangular, distally rounded margin has 2 or 3 setal notches, anterior and distal surfaces have fine line-like scale markings; width ½ length. Basos about sideplate length; merus has 2 spines on posterior margin, 7 on end of lobe; carpus lobe more slender than in Gn. 1, extending ½ along

propod, has spine on outer margin, about 6 on end; otherwise much as Gn. 1. Gill as long as basos, simple and pendulous.

Peraeopods. First: Sideplate subrectangular, angles rounded, width ½ length; small setal notch posterodistally, line-scales along anterior margin. Basos nearly sideplate length, width more than ¼ length, small setae on anterior margin. Ischium subrectangular, width ⅔ length, length ¼ basos. Merus piriform, ½ basos length, width almost ½ length, angles produced, posterodistal one slightly and sharply, anterodistal bluntly and about ¼ along carpus, seta on each and ⅓ down slightly convex anterior margin. Carpus as long, width ¼ length, almost straight posterior margin has 2 small spines, spine on posterodistal angle; propod about ¾ basos length, margins parallel, slightly convex anterior has 4 or 5 bristle-setae, posterior 3 paired-spine interruptions; width about ⅙ length. Stout curved dactylos not ½ propod length, has small spur on inner margin near tip. Second: Generally like 1st except sideplate, which is shallowly excavate to about ⅓ posterior margin, width below that about ⅓ length. Third: Like reverted 2nd but sideplate anterior lobe ovately rounded, posterior slightly deeper, about ¾ basos length, distally somewhat subtriangular. Basos ovate-rectangular, margins subparallel, anterior has about 5 strong short spines on distal ½, posterior smoothly straight, convex only about angles; width about ⅔ length. Merus has 2 pairs of spines anteriorly, slightly produced posterodistal angle. Fourth and Fifth: Like 3rd; basos has about 8 spines anteriorly, 5th a little more expanded, posterior margin more convex with minute bristles.

Epimeral Plates: Damaged; 1st appears ovately-rectangular, 2nd subrectangular with rounded anterodistal angle, blunt posterodistal; 3rd like 2nd but much wider, posterodistal angle rounded, posterior margin straight.

Uropods. First: In bad condition but peduncle appears to have 5 and 8 spines on dorsal margins, rami slender with several spines. Second: Peduncle and inner ramus subequal, peduncle has at least 4 spines on outer margin. Outer ramus [ unclear: ] length inner, finely pectinate inner margin with strong spine near tip, 3 spines on outer; outer ramus has pectinate inner margin, at least 4 or 5 spines dorsally. Third: Missing. Telson: Long, slender, triangular, reaches ½ along outer ramus of uropod 2, has narrow truncate tip with 2 small notches.

Hypotypes: Tray 122/12, Chilton collection, female from Port Chalmers. (This is possibly the type or a paratype).

Localities: Port Chalmers (Tray 122/12); Lyttelton (Tray 13/12; 122/8-10, C¹-C³). Antarctic Material: Tray 13/11, shore pools, Scotia Bay, “Scotia,” 2.11.04; Tray 122/7, South Orkney Is., “Scotia” Exped. (this shows 1 or 2 minor differences—e.g., mandibular palp has 2 spines); Tray 143/16, Wilhelmina Bay, 64° 30′ S. 62° W., A. G. Bennett and T. W. B., 8.11.1922.

Discussion. Various authors (e.g., Chilton, Schellenberg) have suggested that Gitanopsis squamosa and Gitanopsis antarctica Chevreux are identical. Barnard (1932: 104) does not accept this as proven because it is based only on Chilton's word, unsupported by drawings or descriptions. The above descriptions and figures should remove any remaining doubts that G. antarctica is a synonym.

Gitanopsis pusilloides Shoemaker, 1942. (Figs. 119-138.)

• Shoemaker, 1942: 9-11, Fig. 3.

• Stephensen, 1949: 6.

Antennae. First: Peduncle, 1st segment ⅘ length 2nd; 3rd slightly more than ½ 2nd; setae ½ along each margin of 2nd; flagellum of more than 7 segments,

accessory of one very small segment or possibly 2, about ¼ length 1st flagellar segment. Second: Like G. squamosus, small tuft of setae ½ along each margin of 2nd and 3rd segment; flagellum of 9 segments.

Mouthparts. Lower Lip: Inner margin not indented, end margin has flattened produced tip, small frayed-tip spine-process immediately below, otherwise margin naked. First Maxillae: Inner plate has 1 end seta, outer has 7 spines, 2 or 3 setae; palp of 2 segments, over-reaching outer plate slightly, end margin rounded, has 2 or 3 spines and 2 setae, inner distal angle a little produced. Second Maxillae: Inner plate, one side has 3 end setae, 1 down inner margin; other has 6 setae along end margin; outer plate has 4 end setae. Mandibles: Palp missing; cutting edges of about 10 teeth, accessory on left of about 12, spine-row of 8-10 spines, molar process a strong wide triturated process. Maxilliped: Inner plate has at least 2 end spines, otherwise difficult to make out; outer has stout end spine, smaller spine-seta inside; inner distal margin finely toothed, 3 setae down margin. Palp merus wide, width ⅗ length, inner margin has 3 short setae on margin near distal angle; outer has 2 small setae medially, 2 and 1 stouter spine-setae near angle. Carpus width ¾ length, length little more than ½ merus, spine-seta ½ along outer margin, about 3 on outer distal angle, 5 on inner. Propod width ½ length, as long as carpus, spine-seta on outer margin about 2/3, 2 at outer distal angle, 6 on inner, 4 thumb-like protuberances below the last; dactylos slightly curved, spike-like, almost propod length, inner margin finely combed.

Gnathopods. First: Sideplate subsquare, angles rounded, seta ⅔ down posterior margin. Basos length about twice that of sideplate, width almost ⅓ length, both anterior margins setose. Ischium subsquare, ¼ basos length, 1 or 2 fine setae posteriorly. Merus ⅓ basos, width about ⅖ length, 2 spine-setae on posterior margin, 5 or 6 on posterodistal angle which is slightly bluntly produced under carpus. Carpus subtriangular, width ½ basos length, nearly twice own anterior margin length since it is produced posterodistally in spoon-like lobe ½ along propod; the lobe has 4 spine-setae on inner margin, 4 on end. Propod ovaterectangular, broadest distally where width about ⅗ length, posterior margin straight, anterior and palm slightly convex, palm defined by 2 stout spines and small notch, is minutely pectinate, pectinations fine but quite long, a few fine setae below palm; dactylos as long as palm, curved, strong tooth on inner margin about ¾, finely pectinate some distance before tooth. Second: Sideplate subrectangular, angles rounded, width ¾ length, several spine-setae on surface. Basos as long, width not quite ⅓ length, minute setae on margins. Ischium subsquare, not ¼ basos length, following segments twisted. Merus subrectangular, width ½ length, length almost ⅓ basos, 1 end spine and 4 or 5 spine-setae. Carpus subtriangular, produced posterodistally in shallow spoon-lobe nearly ½ along propod so anterior margin only about ⅓ length of distal margin, distal ½ basos length. Propod subrectangular, but widening considerably distally to about ⅔ length, as long as basos, margins more or less straight, except slightly posteriorly convex palm, which is finely pectinate, defined by 2 stout spines. Dactylos as long as palm, has strong tooth about ¾ along inner margin, which is finely pectinate previously, the tooth itself pectinate. Gill simple, pendulous.

Peraeopods. First and Second: Like G. squamosa. Third: Sideplate ovate, posterior the deeper, about ¾ basos length. Basos ovate but margins mostly straight, anterior has about 8 spines, 4 setae; posterior naked; width about ¾