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Redescription
♀. Impunctate. Hairs sparse on underside of head and thorax; those of veins of disc of fore wings extremely short and sparse and inconspicuous; those of upper surface of head and pronotum and along the costal and apical margin and the basal parts of the veins of the fore wings long, mostly erect or suberect, and fairly close; hairs longest and closest on legs and at posterior end of abdomen; a dorso-lateral pair of long, erect hairs on anterior lobe of head above base of antennifers; a second lateral pair of long, erect hairs sub-basally on pronotum, just behind the obsolescent posterior transverse constriction.
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From above, head (excluding rostrum, labrum and granular “neck”) longer than pronotum (57:47) (including “neck”, 63:47); anterior lobe as wide across eyes as posterior lobe and in median line rather more than twice as long as posterior lobe (39:18); posterior lobe nearly half as wide again as long (26:18) (including “neck”, 26:24), narrowest in front, gradually convexly widening to just behind middle, thence only slightly narrowed at base (23° 26:25) Eyes rather small, scarcely prominent, from above each only about ¼ as wide as interocular space (4.25:17.5), from below ⅘ as wide to subequal (8:10); in side view kidney-shaped, with anterior margin strongly convex and posterior margin markedly concave, occupying 6/7 the height of head (19:22); from above ⅓ as long as anterior lobe (13:39). Ocelli moderately prominent, about one ocellus-width apart. Rostrum relatively slender; third segment linear, not incrassate, of nearly uniform thickness throughout, about ¼ as deep as long, narrowing slightly for the basal third: relative length of segments I-IV, measured from the side, 11:13:35:18 Antennae clothed with erect and semi-erect hairs longer than width of the segments, about 6/7 as long as head and pronotum together (88:104); first three segments nearly cylindrical, narrowing towards base, fourth segment narrowed towards apex and at extreme base, relative length of segments I-IV, 18:24:23:23.
Pronotum ¼ wider across basal angles than long (58:47); anterior margin only slightly concave; in the median line, anterior lobe about ⅓ as long as posterior part of pronotum (12.35), the latter with a weakly impressed median line not reaching base; posterior transverse constriction obsolescent in middle, at sides appearing as oblique depressions in front of humeral angles; posterior lobe thus only imperfectly demarcated; lateral margins somewhat sinuate, incurved at levels of anterior and posterior constrictions; posterior margin nearly straight.
Fore wings extending far beyond apex of abdomen; with venation as described for genus, the discal cell completely closed in both fore wings of all specimens seen and the stigmal cell divided by a single cross-vein, with thus one apical appendicular cell.
Legs. Front coxae nearly ⅔ as long as front femora (40:63) Front femora moderatelv dilated, about ¼ as wide as long and a little more than ⅓ as deep in middle as long (23:63). Front tibiae laterally compressed, with sides flattened on apical half; base narrow, gradually and considerably expanded towards apex, where the depth is ⅖ length (20:50); apex bearing ventrally a group of 8 strong spines arranged in four rows, from above respectively of 2, 3, 2, 1, the uppermost two the shortest, the next three the longest, and the following pair the next longest; in one specimen examined, on the right tibia only, is an additional smaller but distinct spine just behind the single basal spine, both of these being on the ventral surface. Front tarsi ⅘ as long as depth of tibiae at apex (16:20); claws subequal in length to each other and to tarsus; basal segment very short and inconspicuous; apical segment with four ventral spines,
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Figs. 11–17—Maoristolus tonnoiri (Bergroth), ♀. Fig. 11—Head, lateral Fig 12.—Head, ventral; with bases of rostrum and antennae. Fig 13.—Fore wing Fig 14.—Hind wing Fig. 15.—a, front leg, posterior (external) aspect; b, front tarsus and apex of tibia, apicoventral aspect. Fig. 16.—a, hind leg, posterior (internal) aspect; b, apex of tibia, apicoventral aspect. Fig. 17.—Head and pronotum, dorsal. ap c, apical cell; b.c, basal cell; c.s, claval suture; c.v, connecting vein; d.c, discal cell, f, costal fracture; sc, subcosta; st c, stigmal cell.
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the more basal pair about twice as long as the more apical, the latter thorn-like and slightly recurved. Middle and hind legs slender. Hind coxae about 4/7 as long as hind femora (45:73). Hind femora about ⅕ as deep as long (15:73). Hind tibiae curved; considerably longer than hind femora; at apical third, where deepest, barely 1/10 as deep as long (8.5:90). Hind tarsi with basal segment nearly ⅓ as long as apical segment on ventral aspect (6:21); claws subequal and half as long as tarsus (15:30). Inner claw of middle legs ¾ as long as tarsus and half as long again as outer claw (15:20:10). All segments of legs with long bristles; in addition, middle and hind tibiae with a transverse row of four long ventral spines at apex; hind tibiac also with a ventral spine at about apical ninth, and basad of this a scries of spine-like setac merging in form with the strong hairs.
Colour. Head and antennae shining testaceous. Eyes brownish black. Rostrum and legs shining yellowish brown; claws and spines darker brown. The short cephalic “neck”, the pronotum and other thoracic tergites finely granular, dull brown. Abdomen with reddish tinges, particularly connexivum beneath. Front wings brown; veins dark brown; claval suture, costal fracture, and subcosta white.
Length to apex of wings (excluding rostrum) 4.3–4.8 mm. Length of body (to apex of abdomen) 3.7–4.3 mm. Width (across base of pronotum) 0.71–0.77 mm, (across eyes) 0.33–0.35 mm. Length of fore-wing 3.1–3.3 mm.
♂ differs from ♀. –
Head. Length, head: pronotum :: 43:37 (including “neck”, 46:37); anterior lobe: posterior lobe :: 29:14. Width, anterior lobe across eyes: posterior lobe :: 23:23. Eyes larger and more prominent than in ♀, from above nearly half as wide as interocular space (5.5:12); nearly meeting below (10.5:2); in side view projecting well below level of preocular region and oocupying most of height of head; from above about ⅖ as long as anterior lobe (12:29). Ocelli large, less than half an ocellus-width apart (2:5). Rostral segments I-IV, 7:10:26:15; III barely ⅕ as deep as long. Antennal segments I-IV, 12:21:20:17.
Pronotum, width at base: length :: 48:37; length, anterior lobe: posterior part :: 9:28; posterior margin broadly convex.
Legs more slender than in ♀. Length, front coxae: front femora :: 25:47. Front femora, length: depth :: 47:12.5. Front tibiae, depth at apex: length :: 12:42; vental margin, in addition to apical spines, with a row of subspinose hairs. Length of front tarsi: depth of front tibiae at apex :: 11:12. Length, hind femora:tibiae:tarsi:claws, as 60:83:26:13 Hind femora, depth:length :: 8:60. Hind tibiae, depth at apical third:length :: 5:83. Hind tarsi (ventral aspect), length of basal segment:apical segment :: 5:21.
Length to apex of wings (excluding rostrum) 3.8–4.4 mm. Length of body (to apex of abdomen) 2.7–3.7 mm. Width (across base of pronotum) 0.64–0.67 mm, (across eyes) 0.31–0.33 mm. Length of fore wing 3.0–3.1 mm.
Terminalia. Pygophor (9th abdominal segment) widely open behind; posterior ventral margin broadly convex, nearly straight; postero-lateral margins sinuately concave; tergal region much narrower than sternal, transversely rugose, posterior margin convex, somewhat produced in middle; anal tube short. No apparent ventral apophysis. Claspers strongly developed, short, stout, heavily sclerotised, bearing rather long hairs; outer surface convex; postcro-mesial margin deeply excavated, so that from behind the claspers appear internally bilobed; inner surface membranous.
Fig. 18—Maoristolus tonnoiri (Bergroth), ♂ terminalia a, dorsal, b, ventral, c, posterior; d, lateral; a.t, anal tube; cl, clasper; p, pygophor, VIII, 8th abdominal tergum; 8, 8th abdominal sternum.
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Fig. 19—Maoristolus parvulus sp. nov. a, dorsal; b, head, ventral; c, front leg, posterior (external) aspect (slightly tilted to show all apical tibial spines (8 or 9); d, hind leg, anterior (external) aspect
Specimens Examined. 1 ♀, Wainui-O-Mata (Willington Province), 26.3.1927 (No 108a), G. V. Hudson (D.M.). 1 ♂, Whaka State Forest, Rotorua (under bark of Eucalyptus), summer, 1952–53, G. B. Rawlings. 6 ♂, 8 ♀, Solomon's I., S.W. of Stewart I. (under bark of rotten tree), 25.1.1955, R. K. Dell and B. A. Holloway (D.M).
M. tonnoiri is widely spread in New Zealand, and evidently there are large gaps in the known distribution. Bergroth's specimens were from Wellington and Nelson.
Maoristolus parvulus sp. nov. Fig. 19.
♀ Surface impunctate, minutely roughened on head and pronotum. Hairs sparse on underside of head and thorax and very sparse on disc of fore wings; those on upper surface of head and pronotum and along costal margin of fore wings long, erect or suberect, and fairly close, hairs longest and closest on legs and towards posterior end of abdomen.
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Head from above (excluding labrum and “neck”), longer than pronotum (48:38); anterior lobe very nearly as wide across eyes as posterior lobe (21:22) and in median line twice as long (32:16); posterior lobe (excluding “neck”) considerably broader than long (22:16), narrowest in front, gradually widening to posterior third and only slightly narrowing at base. Eyes rather small, not very prominent, from above each only ¼ as wide as interocular space (3 5:14), from below about half as wide (5.5:11); in side view flattened kidney-shaped, with anterior margin strongly convex and posterior margin markedly concave, occupying 4/5 the height of head (16:20); from above nearly ⅓ as long as anterior lobe (10:32). Ocelli prominent, about one ocellus-width apart. Rostrum relatively slender; third segment linear, not incrassate, of nearly uniform width and depth throughout, barely ⅕ as deep as long; relative
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length of segments I-IV, measured from the side, 10:10:28:15. Antennae clothed with fine, pale hairs longer than width of the segments; shorter than head and pronotum together (76:86); relative length of segments I-IV, 15:20:20:21, first three segments nearly cylindrical, narrowing towards base; fourth segment a little thickened, fusiform.
Pronotum about ¼ wider across humeral angles than long (48:38), in the median line, anterior lobe rather more than ⅓ as long as posterior part of pronotum (10:28); the latter with a weakly impressed median line not reaching base, surface obliquely depressed at sides before humeral angles in position of obsolescent posterior constriction; anterior margin only slightly concave; lateral margins slightly sinuate; posterior margin slightly, broadly convex.
Fore wings extending for only a moderate distance beyond apex of abdomen; with venation as described for genus (the discal cell usually completely closed, sometimes incompletely, with the subapical transverse vein represented only by a short strut).
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Legs. Front coxae ⅗ as long as front femora (30:50). Front femora not very strongly dilated, only ¼ as wide as long and about ⅓ as deep as long (16:50). Front tibiae laterally compressed, with sides flattened on apical half; base narrow, gradually and considerably expanded towards apex, where the depth is more than ⅓ length (16:42); apex bearing ventrally a group of 8 strong spines arranged in 4 rows, from above below respectively of 2, 3, 2, 1, the lowest spine the most slender, the uppermost two the shortest, the next three the longest, and the following pair the next longest. Front tarsi ¾ as long as depth of tibia at apex (12:16); claws subequal in length to each other and to tarsus; basal segment very short, inconspicuous; apical segment with 4 ventral spines, the more basal pair the longer. Middle and hind legs slender; hind tibiae little longer than hind femora; hind femora ⅙ as deep as long (10:60) and hind tibiae at apical third, where deepest, only about 1/9th as deep as long (7.5:65); hind tarsi with basal segment ¼ as long as second on ventral aspect (5:20); inner claw nearly ⅗ as long as tarsus (15:27), outer claw only slightly shorter. Inner claw of middle legs about ¾ as long as tarsus and nearly half as long again as outer claw (14:18:10). All segments of legs with long bristles; in addition, middle and hind tibiae with a transverse row of four long ventral spines at apex; hind tibiae also with a ventral spine at about apical sixth and basad of this a series of spine-like setae merging in form with the strong hairs.
Colour. Head and pronotum dark blackish brown. Scutellum and venter of abdomen paler brown, often with reddish tinge. Eyes and ocelli usually more or less reddish. Antennae, rostrum and legs yellowish brown. Front wings dark brown or ferruginous; veins brown; claval suture, costal fracture and usually subcosta white.
Length 3.4–3.7 mm; width (across base of pronotum) 0.64 mm, (across closed wings) 0.89–0.96 mm, (across eyes) 0.28 mm.
Length of body 3.1–3.2 mm. Length of fore wing 2.3 mm.
Specimens Examined. 2 ♀ (holotype and paratype), Lake Te Au, near S. arm of L. Te Anau, S.I. (leaf mould), 12–24.1.1953, R. R. Forster (C.M.). 1 ♀, Mt. Sumner, S.I. (moss), 13.4.1952, R. R. Forster (C.M.).
Types. Holotype in Canterbury Museum. Paratype in Dominion Museum.
Close to M. tonnoiri (Bergroth), the more obvious differences being the following : the smaller size; the eyes as seen from below narrower in proportion to interocular space; the hind tibiae proportionately shorter in relation both to hind femora and to front tibiae, with the subapical ventral spine relatively further from apex; the shorter wings relative to the body.
It would be interesting to know the distribution of this species relative to tonnoiri. So far parvulus has been taken only in two localities rather distant from each other, but both at fairly high altitude not far from the north-south mountain system.