a distinct apiculate terminal cell and a basal foot cell; in the former cylindrical with rounded apex and without a foot cell.

Nectria coprosma Dingley.

Field collections yielded no conidial forms. Cultures are bay coloured and floccose. Sparsely branched conidiophores form small translucent pionnotes 0.5–1 mm diameter. Conidia are catenulated from terminal phialides, cylindrical, 1–3 septate, rarely 0–2–4 septate (1 septate 14–30 × 3.5–4.5μ, 3 septate 28–47 × 4.5–5μ). Unicellular microconidia are also present, 3–7 × 1.5–3μ. Chlamydospores are absent (Text-fig. 3, 1). Perithecia developed in cultures two months old.

Nectria fragilis Dingley.

Conidia are formed on poorly developed translucent sporodochia formed in longitudinal crevices in bark of the host. In cultures, mycelium is floccose, chestnut brown, sometimes ochraceous. Conidia are formed on translucent pulvinate sporodochia, 1–2 mm diameter. Conidiophores are more or less dichotomously branched and conidia are catenulated from terminal phialides. They are cylindrical, slightly swollen at the base, rounded at the apex, 0–7 septate, mostly 5–7 septate, then 68–81 × 5–6μ. In young cultures two to three weeks old, conidia are 2–3 septate, then 37–56 × 4.5–5μ Microconidia 7.5–10 × 2–3μ in size, commonly bud off from macroconidia Intercalary chlamydospores, 7–10μ diameter, are common (Text-fig. 3, 2).

Nectria galligena Bres. ex Strasser.

Conidia are aggregated in small white pustules or pionnotes, not more than 0.5 mm diameter, and formed among the diseased tissue of the canker on the host. Cultures are bay brown, floccose Pionnotes are poorly defined since conidiophores are sparsely branched, and are scattered in small clusters. Conidia are catenulated from terminal phialides, cylindrical, linear, sometimes curved, 1–3–4–5 septate, mostly 3–4 with apex rounded (3 septate 19–33 × 3–4μ; 4 septate 27–42 × 3–4.5μ). Chlamydospores are absent. C. mali (Allsch.) Wollenw. is the name of this conidial stage.

Nectria pinea Dingley.

In field collections pale erumpent pulvinate pionnotes are found among the perithecia. Cultures are bay brown, sometimes pale ochraceous and floccose. Pionnotes are numerous, small, formed in zones, usually on “mycelial ropes”, translucent, more or less hyaline. Conidiophores are short and sparsely branched Conidia are cylindrical, 3–4–5–6 septate, usually 4–5–6 (4 septate 59–67 × 5–6μ; 5 septate 60–81 × 5–7μ, 6 septate 60–76 × 6–7μ). Microconidia and chlamydospores are absent (Text-fig. 3, 3).

Conidial measurements of New Zealand cultures agree with Wollenweber's description (1928) of C. cylindroides rather than C. cylindroides var. tenue Wollenw. the form which he described as the conidial stage of this species. Perithecia of New Zealand material match European collections.

Nectria punicea (Kunze & Schmidt) Fr.

Erumpent sporodochia, translucent, white, but pigmented when forming perithecia, are present on the host. In cultures mycelium is floccose and cinnamon brown. Sporodochia are pulvinate, hyaline and translucent. Conidiophores are difficult to differentiate from the pseudoparenchymatous tissues of the stroma. Conidia are catenulated from terminal phialides, 0–7 septate, usually 0–3–7 septate (3 septate 27–51 × 3.5–4.5μ; 7 septate 68–88 × 4.5–5.5μ). Microconidia are common, catenulated from apices of elongated conidiophores, elliptical or fusiform, 10–14 × 4–5μ. Chlamydospores are globose and 10–15μ diameter (Text-fig. 3, 5).

Isolations from different collections yielded cultures that vary from forms typical of C. album (Sacc.) Wollenw. and of C. album var. majus Wollenw. Similar variation was not found in the morphology of the perithecia.

Nectria tasmanica Berk.

Translucent, pulvinate sporodochia, erumpent, hyaline when moist, but darkening to vinaceous brown when dry and when forming perithecia, occur on tissues of the host plant Cultures are vinaceous brown, sometimes violet, often floccose with brown aerial hyphae. Sporodochia are cream, translucent, darkening when forming perithecia. Conidiophores are short, verticillately and penicillately branched. Conidia are cylindrical, falcate, rarely oneseptate, usually 3–4–5 septate, sometimes 6 (3 septate 42–60 × 4–4.5μ; 4 septate 50–65 × 5–6μ). In cultures stored for six months at 3–5°C. conidia are 5–7 septate and 70–120 × 7–8μ. Microconidia are rare and chlamydospores are absent (Text-fig 3, 6). This conidial form agrees with descriptions of C. janthothele var majus Wollenw. the conidial form usually associated with N. mammoidea Phil. & Plowr.

Perithecia were common in cultures six to eight weeks old.

Nectria tawa Dingley.

Conidia were not found among perithecia in field collections. Cultures are fulvous or cinnamon, brown and floccose. Conidiophores are formed singly, rarely united to form pionnotei, sparsely branched, terminal phialides filiform, rather than flask-shaped. Conidia are cylindrical with rounded ends, 1–3 septate, occasionally 4–6 septate (1 septate 16–28 × 4.5–5μ; 2 septate 23–36 × 4–5μ; 3 septate 30–45 × 5–7μ). Microconidia are one or two-celled, often catenulated from a small lateral protuberance of the hypha, then aggregated into balls, 10–14 × 2.5–3.5μ. Chlamydospores are globose, intercalary or in chains 10–15μ diameter, with thickened pigmented walls (Text-fig. 3, 7) Perithecia are formed in cultures after six weeks.

Nectria westlandica Dingley.

Dark vinaceous, translucent sporodochia are found among perithecia on host tissue. Cultures are amber, sometimes streaked with orange. Sporodochia and pionnotes are common, translucent, cream, 0.25–5 mm diameter. Conidiophores are penicillately and verticillately branched; conidia are catenulated from pyriform phialides, cylindrical, sometimes falcate, often elliptical or lanceolate, 1–5 septate, rarely 6 (3 septate 48–70 × 6–7μ; 5 septate 68–80 × 7–7.5μ). Microconidia are common, sometimes catenulated from terminal phialides from conidiophores of young pionnotes; sometimes budded off from lateral protuberances of the hypha, then adhering together to form slimy spore balls 3–5.5 × 2.5–3μ. Chlamydospores are absent (Text-fig. 3, 4).

3. Species with Conidia Typical of the Form Genus Fusarium

Species of this subsection fall within two groups:—

(a) Species with small, smooth perithecia, usually caespitose on a pseudoparen-chymatous stroma, rarely scattered, and spores uniseriately arranged in the ascus.

Species studied in this group are N. laeticolor Berk, and Curt., N. vilior Starb. and N. zealandica Cke. In N. laeticolor macroconidia are classified in the section Macroconia. No macroconidia were formed in N. vilior but cultural characters are characteristic of Fusarium. In N. zealandica Cke. macroconidia are typical of the section Roseum.

(b) Species with tuberculate perithecia scattered rarely caespitose on a stroma; asci are more or less cylindrical, but spores are biseriately arranged at the apex of the ascus. Spores are lightly pigmented and striate. Included are N. haematococca Berk, and Br., N. illudens Berk., N. pulverulenta Dingley, and N. plagianthi Dingley. The conidial stage of these species falls within the section Martiella of Fusarium.

Nectria laeticolor Berk. & Curt.

Both synnemata and sporodochia are present in field collections on scale insects Cultures are white, sometimes floccose, slow growing and more or less pulvinate. Conidiophores mixed with sterile filamentous hyphae are united on a pseudoparenchymatous stroma, usually coral coloured. This stroma forms either synnemata or sporodochia. Conidia are subcylindrical, falcate, 3, but usually 5–8, rarely 9 septate, the apical cell is tapering and often curved, the basal foot cell attenuated. (5 septate 63–85 × 4–6μ; 6 septate 60–81 × 4.5–5.5μ; 7 septate 62–110 × 4–6μ)—Fusarium coccophilium (Desm.) Wollenw. & Reink. (Text-fig. 4, 1). Sterile perithecia only were formed in cultures.

Nectria zealandica Cooke.

Erumpent pulvinate sporodochia are found on bark of host, when fresh they are translucent and ochraceous but as perithecial formation takes place the stroma darkens. Cultures are floccose, often pigmented carmmie, slow growing. Conidiophores are penicillately branched, terminating in phialides and borne on translucent sporodochia. Conidia are 3–5 septate, rarely 6–7 (3 septate 27–80 × 2.5–3μ, 4 septate 45–76 × 3μ; 5 septate 48–75 × 2.5–3μ), usually sub-cylindrical, falcate, with apical cells attenuated and foot cells elongated. Microconidia and chlamydospores are absent (Text-fig. 4, 2). Sterile perithecia were found in cultures 6–8 weeks old.

Nectria vilior Starback.

No conidial stage has been found among perithecia in field collections. Single spore cultures are translucent, slimy, isabelline or pale salmon coloured. Macroconidia have not been found, but microconidia are either catenulated from terminal phialides on sparsely branched conidiophores, or budded off from protuberances on lateral walls of hyphae. They are elliptical, fusiform, cylindrical or allantoid, occasionally one-septate, otherwise unicellular, 4–9 × 1–2μ. Chlamydospores are intercalary or terminal, single or in groups, sometimes one-septate, 4–10 x