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Genus Navomorpha Blanchard
Navomorpha lineatum (Fabricius) (Figs. 24 and 25).
Egg. Length, 2.2 mm; width, 0.9 mm; elongate-ovoid, white Chorion with close set papillae or aciculae.
Mature Larva. Cylindrical, elongate, length up to 38 mm. Colour white. Body setae fairly stout and castaneous.
Head (Fig. 24) sub-quadrate, slightly emarginate on posterior margin of dorsum. Anterior foramen twice as wide as long. Posterior foramen widest at mid-length or anteriorly. Mandible normal. Clypeus trapezoidal, unpigmented. Labrum transverse, oval. Epipharynx similar to Oemona hirta. Maxillary palp and femur plus tibia sub-equal in length. Second and third joints sub-equal. Maxillary sclerite with one or two setae. Palpifer and first joint of palp with processes. Epistoma with two setae. Front with setae as in Oemona. Epistoma shallowly emarginate in front. Antennae prominent, 1st and 2nd joints subequal, 3rd about half as long. Three ocelli. Genae shouldered, genal setae sparse and fine. Hypostoma with two or three setae on each side.
Thorax. Pronotum about one and a-half times as wide as long. Notal spot and median line present, anterior half setose, posterior third striate, post-notal fold present. Metanotum with X-shaped line. Presternum fused with epipleurum, setose. Eusternum not defined anteriorly where it bears a few setae, posteriorly divided into two smoother plates. Legs 4-jointed, well developed. Prothoracic spiracle (Fig. 25) with pecten on posterior margin.
Abdomen with epipleurum protuberant on the last three segments. Pleural tubercles present, discs not evident. Ampullae coarsely tuberculate, moderately projecting. Spiracles oval. Hind intestine without sclerotized thickening of intima.
Pupa. Mandible with four or five setae at mid-length on outer margin. Clypeus with one or two on each side near base of mandible. A group of setae on each side of front in a half circle round the base of the antenna and two smaller para-median groups between these. Gena with 3 or 4 setae. Outwardly directed conical process on distal end of basal joint of antenna. Short pigmented asperities on dorsa of abdominal segments. About six well-developed, recurved, pigmented spines on posterior margin of 7th dorsum. Apex of hypopygium with small pigmented spines.
Larvae were taken from living branches of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga taxifolia) at Rotorua in January, and adults emerged in November. Adults have been taken in the field in the same locality in December and January. In the laboratory the eggs were deposited in crevices in the wood. It is not thought that the insect can attack healthy trees, and there is evidence that conditions suitable for oviposition are furnished by the oviposition scars of the cicada Melampsalta cingulata (Fabr.) which
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expose the wood. Cryptomeria japonica attacked by this species at Whangamomona had also been damaged by the cicada. The larvae bore down the centre of living branches up to one inch in diameter and before pupating often construct a circular tunnel round the branch and so weaken it that it is easily broken by wind. Pupation occurs in a tunnel which is blocked fore and aft by shredded wood.
Navomorpha sulcatum (Fabricius) (Fig. 26).
Egg. Length, 1.5 mm, ovoid, micropylar end more rounded, white, chorion papillose.
Mature Larva. Length, up to 19 mm. Smaller than N. lineatum or Oemona hirta. Body cylindrical but tapering posteriorly from thorax. Body setae moderately stout and castaneous. Colour, white.
Head (Fig. 26) transverse. Anterior foramen twice as wide as long. Posterior foramen with sides straight and sub-parallel, widest about mid-length. Mandible of normal cerambycine type. Maxillary palp slightly longer than femur plus tibia. Palpifer with process and smaller process on 1st joint of palp. One or two setae on maxillary sclerite. Epistoma with two setae. Margin of epistoma slightly emarginate. Frontal setae normal Three ocelli. Genae shouldered, with distinct blunt tubercle caudad of antenna and dorsad of ocelli. Genal setae sparse and fine. Hypostoma with two or three setae.
Thorax. Pronotum twice as wide as long. Metanotum with X-shaped lines. Presternum and epipleurum fused. Presternum and apex of eusternum setose. Base of eusternum with two indistinct smoother and shining plates. Legs 4-jointed, well developed. Prothoracic spiracle with comb on posterior margin.
Abdomen. Pleural tubercles present. Pleural discs not evident. Ampullae coarsely tuberculate, not projecting. Spiracles oval. No sclerotized thickening of hind-intestine.
Pupa. Form as in adult, but with conical process directed lateral from distal end of first joint of antenna. Head with long setae; six on each side of vertex behind antenna, about 7 on each side of front between antenna, four on gena, two on each side of clypeus and two or three on mandible. Pronotum with long setae across anterior margin, across disc before mid-length and in posterior angles. Mesonotum with two setae on each side. Metanotum with one or two small setae. First segment of abdomen almost unarmed except for two or three faint spines. Spines increasing in number and size on segments 2–6. Seventh with about six recurved spines on each side. Eighth with two recurved points at mid-length and one at each posterior angle. Femora, tibiae, and elytra without spines, trochanters without processes. Similar to pupa of N. lineatum, which has more spines on segment 7 and lacks the prominent spines on segment 8.
Larvae were taken from dead branches of Pinus radiata at Nelson. Pupae were present in May and adults emerged in July. Eggs were laid during August. The larvae tunnel between the bark and the wood and also through the wood.