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Subgenus 2. Clathrina (Müll. Arg.) Vain.
Primary thallus unknown save in C. retipora, but consisting there of minute squamules.Podetia robust, forming compact or open clusters, dying at the base, but continuing apical growth; podetial walls with very numerous and striking perforations save in some forms of C. aggregata. This last always shows some shade of brown, a colour not seen in the Cladinae, which the Clathrinae most resemble. Always corticate, no chondroid layer.
Cladonia aggregata (Sw.) Ach.K ±, P —.
Found in abundance on most available habitats. Usually brown or stramineous, with smooth, glossy, cylindrical, much branched podetia. Perforations numerous or few, occasionally absent. Usually K —, but occasionally K +.
Stewart Island* (W. M.539, 538): Saddle Hill(W. L. L., W.M.); Kaiteriteri* (W. M.3035, 3038); Lake Kanieri* (W. M.4013); Westport* (W.M. 2160); Wairau.
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Valley* (W.M. 3053); Mt. Cargill* (W.M. 2153); Mihiwaka* (W.M. 2163, 2166); Greenhills* (W.M. 1765, 1771); Kuriwao (W.M. 2130); Lake Manapouri (W.M. 4586, 4608); Atiamuri (K.W.A.); Bluff Hill (J.S.T. 835); Boulder Hill (J.S.T. 105); Waipori (J.S.T. 17); Fortrose (J.S.T. 1650); Greymouth (Fr. Müller).
f. imperforata Hellb. Sutherland Falls (J.S.T. 2916); Outram Glen (W.M. 4606).
f. pygmaea Müll Arg. Port Chalmers (J.S.T. 698); Mt. Watkins (J.S.T. 318); Kuriwao (W.M. 4292).
f. racemosa Gray. Kuriwao (W.M. 3068); Flagstaff (W.M. 1130); Glenledi (J.S T. 318); Saddle Hill (W.M. 5121).
f. trichophora Müll Arg. Glenledi (J.S.T 450); Auckland (Knight).
f. straminea Müll. Arg. Greymouth (W. McKay); Lamb Hill (J.S.T. 262).
Cladonia sullivani Müll. Arg. K +, P —.
The only Cladonia known to contain divaricatic acid. (Evans.) Colour usually dark brown or even blackish. Perforations copious, revealing a nigricant interior.On bogs and in grassland in montane areas. Plants 5–15 cm tall.
Volcanic Plateau (K.W.A. 3006 H. H. A); Lake Taupo (S Berggren); Kuriwao (W.M* 2134, 2144, 3079, 3081, 4000); Lead Hills (J.S.T. 1970); Denniston (V. Zotov); Arthurs Pass (W.M. 29, 126); Longwood Range (J.S.T. 2961; W.M. 4573); Maungatua (A L. Mark; W. M. 833; J.S. T.12); Stewart Island, leg Mrs. O. Sansom (W.M. 831).
Cladonia retipora Flk. K —, P —.
The finest and most handsome of all Cladonia species, coralloid and reticulate, white, grey, or rarely faintly brown, rarely dark brown as in Australia and Chatham Island. Sea-level to subalpine on bogs, manuka heaths, sand-dunes, grassland and shingly wastes.
New Zealand (La Billardier, Raoul, Jacquinot, Hombrom, Hooker); Auckland (Sinclair); Silverdale (W.M); Rotorua (W.M 4601); Kaiteriteri (W. M.3078) at sea level; Wairau Valley (W.M 3050); Arthurs Pass (W.M. 652); Whare Flat (J S.T 500); Kuriwao (W.M 540, 2136); The Wilderness, Otago* (W.M. 4482); Longwood Range (J.S. T.2962); Port Pegasus (W.M 728); Mason Bay dunes (L. Cockayne); Lake Moana, Westland (W.M.).
Specimens collected by me on Longwood Range (4480) show a primary thallus of minute squamules. This is probably the first certain discovery of a primary thallus on any member of the Clathrinae The discovery is corroborated by Dr. A. W. Evans.