dermal denticles. The free ends of these rings are pointed (many are bifurcated also) and project slightly rearwards, forming a fringe or palisade of spines along each edge of the furrow. Anterior to the 2nd gill-opening the lateral line is continued on to the head by a row of lateral line pores.

Head measured to 1st gill-opening 5.0 in total length. Head depressed, flat above and below, and wedge-shaped in profile. Least fleshy interorbital distance 2.0 in head. Snout length measured to eye, 3.0 in head; snout contour bluntly pointed at snout tip; a poorly defined dorsolateral edge along each side of snout from eye to snout tip. Eye small, scarcely longer than high, its horizontal diameter 3.7 in length of snout, its anterior margin just in front of level of mouth. Spiracle minute, placed almost 2½ eye-lengths behind eye. Gill-openings large, nearly vertical, concave, and in a horizontal series anterior to pectoral base. Lengths of gill-openings increasing greatly from 1st to 5th, the 5th almost twice the 1st and 1.4 in the snout length. Interspaces between the gill-openings decreasing rearwards. Nostrils large, transverse, placed two-thirds of distance back from snout tip to mouth. Interspace between nostrils about equal to their distance from snout tip. Each nostril with a large, ovoid, median aperture and a smaller, circular, lateral aperture, the two apertures separated by triangular, nasal flaps. The medial aperture margined in front and behind by a membranous band; the anterior part of this band, which is twice the height of the posterior, is continued laterally to the pointed tip of the rearward-directed, anterior nasal flap. Posterior nasal flap fleshy and internal to the anterior flap. Mouth a high crescent, its height about half its width, and the latter about half the length of the head measured to 1st gill-opening. Preoral clefts short and shallow, only two-thirds the length of the posterior, labial furrow, and the latter about ¼ of distance from angle of mouth to symphysis of lower jaw.

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Teeth 12 - 10/11 - 11, small, similar in the upper and lower jaws. Each tooth with a subrectangular base about four times as long as high, and carrying a large, laterally-directed major cusp flanked by one or two minor cusps on each side. In the upper teeth the medial margin of the major cusp is convex, and there are two minor cusps on each flank, those on the median flank being directed medially, those on the lateral flank directed laterally. In the lower teeth the major cusp is slightly more erect, its medial margin almost straight, and there is only one minor cusp on the lateral flank, though two on the median. All the cusps are sharply pointed and smooth-edged Bases of adjacent teeth only slightly separated except at symphysis of lower jaw where there is a large median interspace. Teeth at centre of mouth slightly smaller than those midway out, though towards angles of mouth the teeth again decrease in size. One row of functional teeth in each jaw.

Inside the mouth behind the upper teeth is a prominent maxillary velum, parallel to the jaw, some 45 mm deep at the midline, and tapering uniformly on each side as it extends to the angles of the mouth. Posterior edge of velum fimbriated, while anteriorly there is a band of many fleshy papillae occupying about ¼ of the depth of the velum.

Both dorsal fins for back on the trunk, small, sub-equal in size, brush-shaped, their apices and posterior free corners rounded, their margins almost straight. 1st dorsal origin over anterior third of pelvic base, insertion just behind middle of pelvic base. Height of 1st dorsal 1.6 in the length of its base, and just less than height of 2nd dorsal. Posterior free corner of 1st dorsal over insertion of pelvic base, and just anterior to origin of 2nd dorsal Interspace between 1st and 2nd dorsals ⅘ of the 1st dorsal base. Posterior free tip of 2nd dorsal just anterior to epiural origin. Caudal measured from hypural origin 3.8 in total length. Caudal scythe-shaped, without a subterminal notch. Epiural lobe moderately developed, hypural lobe deep. Margin of epiural straight for most of its length, convex distally, length of epiural margin twice that of hypural. Anterior margin of hypural weakly convex, apex broadly rounded, and posterior margin concave. Tip of tail bluntly pointed Pectorals lobate, about 1½ times as long as broad, and with long bases, anterior and posterior margins of pectorals convex, distal margins weakly concave; corners broadly rounded Length of anterior pectoral margin 1.1 in distance from rear edge of eye to 1st gill opening. Pelvics very large, triangular, length of their bases equal to length of anterior pectoral margin. Anterior and distal margins straight, apex broadly rounded, and posterior free tip sharply pointed. Claspers tapered, rather slender, extending little behind the posterior free tip of pelvic.

Colour (fresh). Overall greyish-brown, distal margins of fins black; underside of snout and around mouth white, iris black, outer margin of eyeball iridescent greenish-blue.

(b) Juvenile. (Text-fig. 1, A-B Text-fig. 3, A-E)

Description as for adult male, except as noted below; based mainly on 445 mm male Trunk and peduncle slender; depth of peduncle 2.0 in snout length anterior to eye. Length of body measured to cloaca 59.6% of total length.

Dermal denticles of two sizes, the smaller 0.5 mm to 0.8 mm diam across the base, the larger 1.5 mm to almost 20 mm diam. The smaller denticles are close set, and cover the entire fish except for small areas at axils of fins, along distal margins of fins, and a narrow